李明明 段媛 李军

摘  要 士官职业化的根本目的是建设一支一流的士官队伍。在这个过程中，深化职业化培训改革起到关键作用。为了找出制约士官能力持续发展的影响因素，对士官职业能力现状、部队和院校培训现状进行逐一分析，结合第二次海湾战争案例，提出未来士官应具备的职业能力，主要包括娴熟的职业技能、高涨的职业热情、灵活的职业思维、宽广的职业视野和优秀的职业修养。在以上分析基础上，提出深化任职培训的建议：对院校培训课程结构进行调整，提出“倒金字塔”式课程结构形式;优化集中培训模式，提出“集中培训+靠前培训”的模式。

关键词 士官任职培训;士官职业化;一流士官

中图分类号：G642.0    文献标识码：B

文章编号：1671-489X（2021）04-0123-03

Taking Deep Innovation of Vocational Training for Non-Com-missioned Officers to Form A First-Class Team//LI Mingming， DUAN Yuan， LI Jun

Abstract During the process of professionalization of non-commi-ssioned officers， which aim is form a first-class sergeant team， takingdeep innovation of vocational training will be the key. To find out main constraints on continual development of abilities of sergeants， the paper analyses some current situations of working abilities of non-commissioned officers， training abilities of academy and troops.

Meanwhile， with the case of The Second Gulf War， the paper pro-poses the vocational abilities sergeants should have in the future， including mainly the best professional skill， high professional enthu-siasm， smart professional thinking， extensive professional view， and great professional culture. Based on the above， the paper proposes two suggestions on how to take vocational training： restructure the training curricula of academy and offer a new reversal-pyramid type;propose a new pattern of “gathering training + stepping up training” instead of the old “gathering training”.

Key words professional training for non-commissioned officers; professionalization of non-commissioned officers; first-class non-commissioned officers

0 前言

诺贝尔文学奖获得者、爱尔兰作家叶芝说过：“教育不是注满一桶水，而是点燃一把火。”即教育不仅仅是传授知识和技能，更应该起到启迪心灵、唤醒潜力的作用，只有这样，一个人才能获得最大的发展空间。同樣的道理，对士官的教育（即任职培训）也应该定位于此。目前，士官任职培训这把“火”就欠些许“火候”。

1 士官任职培训现状

士官任职培训过程中包括两个主体，即受训对象和施训者。受训对象当然是士官，而施训者则包括作战部队和任职培训院校。那么，要想把握士官任职培训现状，就必须对这两个主体同时进行综合分析。

受训对象现状  目前，士官整体的能力状况处于职业技能型阶段，即士官的职业能力主要表现为技术能力型，如掌握规定的动作或操作、熟知规定的流程、了解初步的装备知识。……