张迪 李冬 李俊营 曾三军 徐放达 马文辉 谷洁洁

摘要 [目的]为探明适合平顶山烟区的耕作制度。[方法]通过田间小区试验，以中烟100为试验材料，研究了烤烟连作、烟麦套种和烟薯套种3种种植模式对烤烟生长发育、常规化学和产质量的影响。[结果]与烤烟连作相比，烟麦套种和烟薯套种能够增强烟株根系活力，改善农艺性状，促进内在化学成分更加协调，提高烤烟的产量和品质。其中，烟薯套种模式作用效果最佳。[结论]在平顶山烟区，采用烟薯套种种植模式能有效提高烤烟产质量，具有一定的应用推广价值。

关键词 烤烟;种植模式;农艺性状;化学成分;经济效益

中图分类号 S572 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2021）01-0031-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.01.008

Abstract [Objective]To explore the suitable cultivation system in Pingdingshan tobacco growing area. [Method]The effects of 3 planting patterns of flue-cured tobacco continuous cropping， interplanting of tobacco-wheat and interplanting of tobacco-sweet potato on the growth， conventional chemistry， yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied by field plot experiment with Zhongyan 100 as the experimental material. [Result]Compared with flue-cured tobacco continuous cropping， interplanting patterns of tobacco-wheat and tobacco-sweet potato could enhance root vigor， improve agronomic traits， promote the coordination of internal chemical components and enhance the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. The optimal effect was obtained by the interplanting mode of tobacco-sweet potato. [Conclusion]In Pingdingshan tobacco growing area， the interplanting patterns of tobacco-sweet potato could effectively improve the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco， which has certain application and promotion value.

Key words Flue-cured tobacco;Planting pattern;Agronomic characters;Chemical composition;Economic benefits

烤煙是忌连作的作物，但人们为了获得较高的种植收益，常年进行连年种植，导致土壤养分片面消耗，土壤酶活性下降，耕层结构恶化，养分失调，烟草的病虫害发生趋势逐年加大，烤后烟叶组织结构紧密，工业可用性降低[1-5]。近年来，随着耕地面积总量的不断减少，为增加烟叶种植面积，防治连作的危害，部分烟草种植地区进行了不同烟草种植模式的探索，如实行烟草轮作、麦烟套种等，虽然在一定程度上能够减少烟草的病虫害，如烟草花叶病，但是对品质造成一定影响。付利波等[6]研究表明，烟田套作能够调控烤烟生长后期的土壤养分供应状况，改善烟叶品质。时安东等[7]研究发现，烤烟与红薯间作能有效改善土壤养分比例，减轻连作障碍，显著提高烤烟的产量和产值，改善烤后烟叶品质，降低青枯病的发病率。……