2017—2018年陕西省生产领域化肥产品质量抽检结果的分析评价
2021-02-03雷超徐飞燕井赵斌刘宇姚欣朱蕊贞刘志平刘锋军
雷超 徐飞燕 井赵斌 刘宇 姚欣 朱蕊贞 刘志平 刘锋军
摘要:为了解陕西省生產领域化肥产品质量状况,为全省农资监管工作提供科学依据,对2017—2018年陕西省生产领域专项监督抽检的165批次化肥样品总体情况、不同化肥种类检验情况和不合格项目等进行分析评价。结果表明,尿素、硫酸铵、磷酸二铵抽检全部合格;复合(混)肥料、掺混肥料、过磷酸钙产品质量明显下降;不合格项目主要集中在单一养分(即总氮、有效磷)含量低于国家标准或产品明示值,氯离子、游离酸等有害成分含量超出国家标准值。在今后的监督抽查工作中应加大复肥产品抽样量,优化监督检查方案,加大市场不合格产品处罚力度,全面提高全省化肥产品质量。
关键词:化肥;产品质量;抽检;结果分析
中图分类号:S143文献标志码:A论文编号:cjas2020-0073
Fertilizer Quality Sampling Results in Shaanxi: Analysis and Evaluation 2017-2018
Lei Chao1,2,3, Xu Feiyan1,3, Jing Zhaobin4, Liu Yu1,3, Yao Xin1,3, Zhu Ruizhen1,3, Liu Zhiping1,3, Liu Fengjun1,3
(1Weinan Supervision & Inspection Institute of Product Quality, Weinan 714000, Shaanxi, China;
2Shaanxi Provincial Supervision and Inspection Center for Fertilizer Quality,Weinan 714000, Shaanxi,China; 3Weinan Inspection and Testing Research Institute, Weinan 714000, Shaanxi,China; 4Weinan Fruit Industry Institute, Weinan 714000, Shaanxi,China)
Abstract: To understand the quality of fertilizer products in Shaanxi, and provide a basis for the supervision of agricultural materials, this article analyzes and evaluates the overall situation of 165 batches of fertilizer samples, the inspection results of different fertilizer types, and the unqualified items produced from 2017 to 2018. The results showed that in the past two years, the sampling tests of urea, ammonium sulfate and diammonium phosphate were all qualified; the quality of compound (mixed) fertilizer, blended fertilizer and superphosphate products decreased significantly; the unqualified items mainly included those whose content of single nutrients (total nitrogen and available phosphorus) was lower than the national standard or the product’s stated value, and the content of harmful ingredients such as chloride ion and free acid exceeded the national standard value. In future supervision and random inspection, the sampling amount of compound fertilizer products should be increased, the supervision and inspection plan should be optimized, thus to improve the quality of chemical fertilizer products in Shaanxi.
Keywords: Chemical Fertilizer; Product Quality; Random Inspection; Result Analysis
0引言
化肥是植物庄稼的营养素,是现代农业发展和农民生产不可或缺的产品,被喻为“粮食的粮食”[1]。中国是农业大国,陕西省又是一个农业大省,农业增产的40%~50%依靠化肥[2]。目前市场上化肥产品种类、品牌众多,质量参差不齐,容易使消费者产生混淆,因此,化肥质量显得尤为重要。近年来,陈宝虹[3]对2012—2016年广东省化肥质量稳定性及环境安全进行了分析研究,结果表明广东省内销售领域化肥产品总体质量良好,产品合格率有增长的趋势。其中尿素、复混肥料质量较稳定,掺混肥料质量较差。白杨等[4]对2010—2011年北京流通领域肥料质量抽检结果进行了分析评价,结果显示肥料质量总体呈现良好态势,无机肥料的种类和流通量均在肥料市场上占有主导地位,有机肥料和有机-无机复混肥料的市场占有率均较低。……
