李艳兰 张春帆 李灶福 费勇 王春贵 胡新洲

摘要：為了科学评价滇中山区新引进的6个秋播食粒豌豆品种的适应性、丰产性和稳定性，采用DPS软件一年多点品种试验的新复极差法、AMMI模型分析和回归系数法，分别对不同海拔试点新品种的综合表现进行分析。结果表明：随着海拔的升高，参试豌豆品种生育期增长，病情指数呈下降趋势，单株生产力逐渐增大。‘云豌18号’具有很高的稳定性，在3个海拔试点有很好的适应性，与对照品种相比平均产量达极显著水平，而‘云豌38号’和‘云豌25号’属于不稳定品种，仅海拔1758 m试点有很好的适应性，综合表现为一般。‘云豌17号’、‘云豌53号’和‘云豌8号’丰产性低、稳定性差，仅海拔1572 m试点有一定适应性，综合表现为较差，没有推广价值。在海拔为1500～1900 m滇中山区秋播食粒豌豆以‘云豌18号’为最佳品种，该品种在此海拔区域内具有很好的稳定性和丰产性，是一个具有推广前景的品种。

关键词：山区；食粒豌豆；不同海拔试点；新品种；适应性；稳定性

中图分类号：S643.3文献标志码：A论文编号：cjas2020-0169

New Seed-Eating Pea Varieties at Different Altitudes： High Yield and Stability Analysis

Li Yanlan1， Zhang Chunfan2， Li Zaofu3， Fei Yong4， Wang Chungui3， Hu Xinzhou1， Liu Jianjian1， An Zhengyun1， Yu Zonghong2， Li Xiang1， Li Mingfang3， Yang Jincheng1

（1Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Yuxi 653100， Yunnan， China；2Huaning County Agricultural Technology Extension Station， Huaning 652800， Yunnan， China；3Yimen County Agricultural Technology Extension Station， Yimen 651100， Yunnan， China；4Chengjiang Agricultural Technology Extension Station， Chengjiang 652500， Yunnan， China）

Abstract： To scientifically evaluate the adaptability， high yield and stability of six new autumn eating pea varieties in the central Yunnan mountain area， the new complex range method， AMMI model analysis and regression coefficient method of DPS software were used to analyze the comprehensive performance of new varieties tested at different altitudes in multiple locations within one year. The results showed that with the increase of altitude， the growth period of new pea varieties increased， the disease index showed a downward trend， and the single plant productivity increased gradually.‘Yunwan 18’had a very high stability and good adaptability in the three altitude trials. Compared with the control variety， the average yield of‘Yunwan 18’reached a very significant level. However，‘Yunwan 38’and‘Yunwan 25’were unstable varieties. They only had good adaptability at an altitude of 1758 m， and the overall performance was common.‘Yunwan 17’，‘Yunwan 53’， and‘Yunwan 8’had low yield， low stability and poor performance. They only had a certain degree of adaptability at an altitude of 1572 m， and the overall performance was poor， and they had no promotion value. Taken together，‘Yunwan 18’is the best variety of eating pea planted in the central mountain area of Yunnan Province at the altitude of 1500-1900 m. The variety has good stability and high yield in this region， and it is a variety with promotion prospects.

Keywords： Mountain Area； Eating Pea； Test Points at Different Altitudes； New Variety； Adaptability； Stability

0引言

豌豆（Pisum sativum L.）屬豆科蝶型花亚科豌豆属一年生或越年生攀援性草本植物[1]，是继大豆之后第二大食用豆类作物，富含蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、粗纤维以及多种维生素等，可作为粮食、蔬菜和饲料[2]。因其营养价值丰富，风味独特，倍受人们青睐，市场需求不断增加，栽培面积逐年增加[3]。豌豆抗旱耐寒耐瘠薄[4]，在国内各类生态区均有种植[5]。在滇中干旱半干旱区种植业结构调整、增加农民收入方面发挥着重要作用，然而在滇中地区豌豆栽培中存在着品种单一、产量低、抗病性逐步退化、新品种更新缓慢的问题。……