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物流运输对鱼类肌肉品质影响研究进展

2021-01-17彭玲尤娟熊光权汪兰吴文锦张童昊黄琪琳杜红英尹涛

肉类研究 2021年12期
关键词:评价方法

彭玲 尤娟 熊光权 汪兰 吴文锦 张童昊 黄琪琳 杜红英 尹涛

摘 要:现代物流运输技术高速发展,呈现智能化、信息化和高效化的趋势。通过物流运输可满足国内外消费者对鱼类产品多样性的需求,实现渔业资源优化配置。肌肉是鱼体主要食用部分,其品质直接影响产品加工适应性和经济价值。本文将鱼类产品分为鲜活、冰鲜和冷冻三大类,首先概述鱼类物流运输的方式、网络图和特点;其次,从营养价值、组织结构、风味特点、感官品质及物理性质五方面对鱼肌肉品质进行评价,并总结测定方法;最后,论述物流运输过程中温度、时间、包装等主要因素对鱼肌肉品质的影响。

关键词:物流运输;肌肉品质;鱼肉;评价方法;鱼类产品

Abstract: Modern logistics and transportation technology is developing at a high speed and showing a tendency toward intelligentization, informationization, and high efficiency. Logistics and transportation can cater to the diverse demands of consumers around the world for fish products and enable optimal allocation of fishery resources. The muscle is the main edible part of the fish body, and its quality directly affects the processing adaptability and economic value of products. In this manuscript, we review recent progress in research on the effects of logistics and transportation on the quality of three categories of fish products: live fish, chilled fish, and frozen fish. First of all, an overview of the modes, networks and characteristics of logistics and transportation is outlined. Next, recent studies on the quality evaluation of fish muscle in terms of nutritional value, texture, microstructure, flavor characteristics, sensory quality, and physical properties, as well as the detection methods used in this area are summarized. Finally, the effects of the main factors such as temperature, time, and packaging on the quality of fish muscle during logistics and transportation are discussed.

Keywords: logistics; muscle quality; fish meat; evaluation methods; fish products

DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210531-164

中圖分类号:S981.1                                            文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2021)12-0054-10

引文格式:

彭玲, 尤娟, 熊光权, 等. 物流运输对鱼类肌肉品质影响研究进展[J]. 肉类研究, 2021, 35(12): 54-63. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210531-164.    http://www.rlyj.net.cn

鱼是我国水产渔业中最重要的一类,2020年产量为3 521.02 万t,约占水产品总量的53.76%[1]。鱼体由头、躯干、尾、鳍4 部分组成,肌肉是主要食用部分[2]。

鱼肌肉品质可分为营养价值、组织结构、风味特点、感官品质和物理性质。鱼肉的基本营养组成为水分含量65%~80%、蛋白质含量15%~20%、脂肪含量5%~20%、灰分含量0.5%~2.0%[3]。鱼肉中蛋白属于优质蛋白,蛋氨酸、赖氨酸等必需氨基酸含量较高,可平衡谷物蛋白中该类氨基酸的缺乏;鱼肉肌纤维较短、组织结构松软、消化吸收利用率高;鱼肉的鲜味特征明显,主要滋味活性物质由游离氨基酸、核苷酸及其衍生物和肽类组成[4];鱼肉气味平淡,部分淡水鱼有明显的土腥味。……

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