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远红外烤制对烤鱼品质及多环芳烃含量的影响

2021-01-17薛桂中乔明武黄现青宋莲军沈玥王飞赵建生马相杰

肉类研究 2021年12期

薛桂中 乔明武 黄现青 宋莲军 沈玥 王飞 赵建生 马相杰

摘 要:为了改善烤鱼的质构特性等食用品质,减少多环芳烃的形成,以草鱼为对象,研究传统炭烤和远红外烤制方式对烤鱼质构特性及多环芳烃含量的影响。结果表明:传统炭烤和远红外烤制对烤鱼的食用品质有不同影响,与传统炭烤鱼肉相比,远红外烤制鱼肉硬度显著降低(P<0.05),且剪切力均显著低于传统炭烤组(P<0.05),能够显著改善烤制鱼肉的嫩度;相对而言,远红外烤制鱼肉具有更优的质构特性;远红外烤制能显著降低烤鱼肉中PAH4(苯并(a)蒽、䓛、苯并(k)荧蒽、苯并(a)芘)和PAH16(萘、苊烯、苊、芴、菲、蒽、荧蒽、芘、苯并(a)蒽、䓛、苯并(b)荧蒽、苯并(k)荧蒽、苯并(a)芘、茚苯(1,2,3-c,d)芘、二苯并(a,h)蒽、苯并(g,h,i)芘)的生成量(P<0.05),与传统炭烤鱼肉相比,PAH4和PAH16总生成量分别下降39.07%和44.07%。

关键词:远红外烤制;传统炭烤;多环芳烃;烤鱼;食用品质

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the effect of traditional charcoal grilling and far infrared roasting on texture properties and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contents of cooked fish. The results showed that the two cooking methods differently affected the eating quality of cooked fish. Compared with charcoal-grilled fish, far infrared-roasted fish had significantly lower hardness and shearing force (P < 0.05), indicating improved tenderness. Moreover, far infrared-roast fish showed better texture properties, and far infrared roasting significantly decreased the production of PAH4 (benzo(a)anthracene, chry, benzo(k)fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene) and PAH16 (naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorine, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chry, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene, and benzo(g,h,i)perylene) (P < 0.05). The total amounts of total PAH16 and PAH4 in far infrared-roasted fish were 44.07% and 39.07%, respectively compared with traditional charcoal-grilled fish.

Keywords: far infrared roasting; traditional charcoal grilling; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; grilled fish; eating quality

DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210618-177

中圖分类号:TS251.1                                        文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2021)12-0025-06

引文格式:

薛桂中, 乔明武, 黄现青, 等. 远红外烤制对烤鱼品质及多环芳烃含量的影响[J]. 肉类研究, 2021, 35(12): 25-30. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210618-177.    http://www.rlyj.net.cn

为了改善鱼肉的质构特性、嫩度等食用品质,同时有利于贮藏、运输等,热加工是鱼肉熟制的重要工序,常见的热加工方法有烘烤、油炸等,鱼肉中的蛋白质、脂肪等会在高温条件下发生裂解、环化及聚合反应,以及加速水分快速散失等,进而不仅影响熟肉产品的质构特性、嫩度,还对有害物质的形成有重要影响[1]。高温肉制品中多环芳烃的形成也是目前的研究热点,多环芳烃具有致畸、致癌性。欧盟2014年9月……

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