陈海霞 王登辉 王茯苓 王建国

摘    要：为降低龙牙百合组培苗生产成本，本试验以其种球鳞片为外植体，研究诱导、不定芽增殖和生根阶段的优化技术方案。结果表明：百合鳞片上端为最佳外植体，不定芽诱导率最高;不定芽初代诱导培养的最佳培养基为MS+1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.5 mg·L-1 NAA，分化率高达到93%，分化系数为7.43;不定芽增殖培养的最佳培养基为MS+1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA +0.1 mg·L-1 NAA，其增殖系数高达到6.7;瓶内生根培养最佳培养基为1/2MS++0.1 mg·L-1 NAA，其生根率达93.33%，瓶外生根培养时发现，采用浓度为300 mg·L-1 NAA溶液处理后，在河沙基质中生根率为100%，平均根系数量高达8.6 ，根长达到5.2 cm。上述结果可为龙牙百合的快速和高效繁殖提供参考依据。

关键词：龙牙百合;组织培养;初代诱导培养;增殖培养;生根培养

中图分类号：S664.1          文献标识码：A         DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.12.002

Optimization of Tissue Culture Technology System of Lilium brownii var. viridulum

CHEN Haixia1，WANG Denghui1，WANG Fuling1， WANG Jianguo2

（1.College of Horticulture， Hunan Agricultural University，Changsha， Hunan 410128， China; 2. The Planting professional cooperative of Bletilla in Hongjiang， Huaihua， Hunan 418100， China）

Abstract： In order to reduce the production cost of tissue culture seedlings of Lilium brownii var. viridulum， the experiment used bulb scales as explants，and the optimized technical schemes for different cultivation stages were studied. The results showed that the upper end of lily scales was the best explant， and its adventitious bud induction rate was the highest.The optimum medium formula for the primary induction culture of adventitious buds was MS+1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA+0.5 mg·L-1 NAA， which the differentiation rate was up to 93%， and the differentiation coefficient was 7.43.The optimum medium formula for adventitious bud proliferation culture was MS+1.0 mg·L-1 6-BA +0.1 mg·L-1NAA， and its proliferation coefficient was up to 6.7.The optimum medium formula for in-bottle rooting culture was 1/2MS+0.1 mg·L-1 NAA， and its rooting rate reached by 93.33%. When rooting culture outside the bottle，it was found that the rooting rate was 100%， the average growth root coefficient was up to 8.6， and the root length reached by 5.2 cm in the river sand substrate after treatment with 300 mg·L-1 NAA solution. These results could provide a reference for the rapid and efficient reproduction of Lily.

Key words： Lilium brownii var. viridulum; tissue culture; primary induction culture; proliferation culture; rooting culture

龍牙百合（Lilium brownii var. viridulum Baker）是百合科百合属多年生草本球根植物，是我国人工栽培的三大食用百合之一，具有重要的食用、药用和观赏价值[1-2]，其鳞茎由二三十瓣重叠在一起，鳞片肥大呈披针形，因形似龙牙而得名[3]。湖南邵阳、隆回县以及江西万载县为龙牙百合的主要产地。龙牙百合病毒病感染严重，多年的无性繁殖造成病毒病积累和品种退化，严重影响食用百合产业的发展。因此，近年来围绕龙牙百合组织培养脱毒技术开展大量研究，并获得无病毒苗。由于生产成本高，食用百合脱病毒技术尚未应用于产业中，本研究拟建立高效率低成本的组培繁育体系，推进无病毒百合种苗的应用。

组培苗生产成本的降低主要从培养基成分、多途径节能降耗、组培过程自动化、加强环境质量等方面着手[4]。……