徐红梅 黄发新 吴银波 管兰华 李明鹤 李传涵

摘要：北美红杉是从美国引进的优良园林和用材树种，生产上采穗圃营建受到忽视，普通采穗圃来源的插穗生根容易产生年龄效应和位置效应。本研究建立实生幼苗埋干采穗圃、优树根接埋干采穗圃2种类型的采穗圃，通过统计分析，比较每种类型采穗圃的穗条产量和质量、营建难易度等特征，结果表明：①2种类型的采穗圃其单株采穗量、亩产穗条量都具有类似的规律;②优树根接埋干采穗圃的各年度单株穗条产量、亩产穗条量都高于实生幼苗埋干采穗圃，表明优树根接埋干采穗圃是适合我国北美红杉扦插繁殖的采穗圃类型。

关键词：北美红杉;埋干萌芽采穗圃;穗条产量

中图分类号：S791.33文献标识码：A文章编号：1004-3020（2021）06-0007-04Construction Technology of Sprouting Cutting Orchard from

Buried Trunk for Sequoia sempervirensXu Hongmei（1）Huang Faxin（1）Wu Yinbo（2）Guan Lanhua（2）Li Minghe（3）Li Chuanhan（3）

（1. Hubei Academy of ForestryWuhan430075;

2. Forest Seedling Administrative General Station of Hubei Forestry DepartmentWuhan430079;

3. Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070）

Abstract：Sequoia sempervirens is an excellent garden and timber tree species introduced from the United States. The construction of cutting orchard is ignored in production，and the rooting of cuttings from common cutting orchard is prone to age effect and position effect. In this paper，seedling trunkburied cutting orchard （type I）and grafted superior tree branchburied cutting orchard（type II） were established. statistical analysis of the characteristics of cutting yield，quality and construction difficulty of each type of cutting orchard were compared. The results showed that：①The cutting yield per plant and cutting yield 666.7 m2 of the two types of cutting orchard were similar. ②The cutting yield per plant and cutting yield 666.7 m2 of type II cutting orchard were higher than that of type I，indicating that type II cutting orchard was suitable for the cutting propagation of S.sempervirens in China.

Key words：Sequoia sempervirens; sprouting cutting orchard from buried trunk; cutting yield

北美红杉Sequoia sempervirens 特产于美国加利福利亚海岸[1]，又名海岸红杉、“世界爷”、美国红杉树，是裸子植物中唯一的自然六倍体[2，3]。该树种具有寿命长、生长快、树型优美等优点，树龄可达4 000～5 000 a，高可达110 m以上，是重要的速生优良用材树种和庭院绿化树种[4]。我国关于北美红杉的研究主要集中在引种、实生繁殖、无性繁殖等方面[519]，生产中北美红杉采穗圃营建没有得到重视，一般以实生幼树作为采穗母株，没有经过遗传改良，或者直接从成年大树上采取萌条，穗条来源得不到保障。本研究借鉴杉木研究成果[20，21]，摸索出两种埋干萌芽采穗圃营建技术，该技术的优点是可以生产直立萌条，生根率高，扦插年龄效应和位置效应不明显[19]。……