摘 要 “中庸”作为儒家重要思想观念，代表了儒家思想的精髓。君子对待人与事，好恶取舍，没有固定成见，但必须符合道义的原则。徐渭在实践中虽然强调“真我”本性，开创率性的大写意之风，但他在文艺理论与创作实践中却有孜求中道的一面。通过分析徐渭对“真我”本性的固守、儒家伦理思想价值的认同以及绘画实践里体现的“中”这三方面，阐释其与儒家倡导的“中庸”价值之间的契合关系。此外，通过分析“和而不同”“君子不器”“天人合一”这三条重要的中庸要义，阐释以“中庸”为核心的儒家精神理念在当代美术创作中的应用价值。

关键词 中庸;中和之美;写意精神;心物关系;徐渭

引用本文格式 张南岭.徐渭“大写意”与“中庸”价值的内在契合——兼及中庸要义在当代美术创作中的应用[J].2021（6）：76-80.

Xu Wei's Internal Fit between "Freehand Brushwork" and "Golden Mean" Value

-And the Application of the Golden Mean in Contemporary Art Creation

ZHANG NANling

Abstract As an important ideological concept of Confucianism， "Golden Mean" represents the essence of Confucianism. A gentleman treats people and things with no fixed preconceptions about what is good or bad， but must conform to the principles of morality and righteousness. Although Xu Wei emphasized his "true self" nature in his practice and created the style of frank and generous painting， he sought the middle way in his literary theory and creative practice. Through the analysis of Xu Wei's adherence to his "true self"， his recognition of Confucian ethical values， and the "Golden mean" embodied in his painting practice， he explains his relationship with the "Golden mean" values advocated by Confucianism. In addition， through the analysis of the values of harmony and difference and the practice of "zhong" in painting， we explain the relationship between them and the "Golden mean" value advocated by Confucianism. In addition， through the analysis of the three important elements of the middle， namely， harmony and difference， the gentleman's lack of tools， and the unity of heaven and man， the value of applying the Confucian spiritual concept of the "Golden mean" as the core in contemporary art creation is explained.

Key Words golden mean;the beauty of neutralization;freehand brushwork spirit; relationship between mind and object;XuWei

一、“中庸”的本義与徐渭的《论中》

中庸之道是中国古代重要的哲学观点，出自儒家文化的《中庸》。虽然有不少学者认为其具有唯心主义哲学的倾向，但中庸思想及其所代表的价值观念，在中国传统文化中的重要作用，是毋庸置疑的。中庸之道阐释的寻常天理和人性，恰到好处地体现了平常之理，但它是随时变化的，人们如果想对它有更深刻的认识，就必须根据具体情境采取相应的措施，即因地制宜。现实生活中，中庸之道是人生的大道，是工作、生活和健康的根本理论。笔者认为，其根本理论可从多个角度去理解，首先，可以理解为“中不偏，庸不易”。中庸是指人生不偏离，不变换自己的目标和主张，持之以恒是成功之道。……