摘 要 〔目的〕乾隆时期，清朝进入全盛，经济富足、文化繁荣、军事强盛、社会稳定，乾隆帝不仅推动了以圆明园为代表的大型皇家园林的营建工程，也开展了多次南巡、西巡、北狩、东巡等活动，并将其看中的美景在圆明园内进行大量“写仿”。通过分析乾隆帝的数次巡幸活动，可帮助理清圆明园的营建路径。〔方法〕通过查阅乾隆帝巡幸活动的文献和圆明园的相关史料，分析乾隆帝是怎样将天下美景“移天缩地”到圆明园中的。〔结論〕“天上人间诸景备，移天缩地在君怀”，乾隆帝将其巡幸活动中遇到的美景以“写仿”的形式在圆明园中再现，营造出一座美轮美奂、宛若人间仙境的圆明园，乾隆帝的巡幸活动有力地推进了圆明园的营建。

关键词 圆明园;乾隆帝;巡幸;写仿;营建路径

引用本文格式 张孟增.乾隆帝巡幸活动下圆明园营建路径探析[J].创意设计源，2021（6）：21-26.

On the Construction Route of Yuanmingyuan under Emperor Qianlong's Touring System

ZHANG MENGzeng

Abstract During the Qianlong period， the Qing Dynasty entered its heyday， with a prosperous economy， a prosperous culture， a strong military and a stable society. Emperor Qianlong not only promoted the construction of a large-scale imperial garden represented by the Yuanmingyuan Garden， it is necessary to explore the relationship between Emperor Qianlongs touring activities and the construction of the Yuanmingyuan Garden， because it has carried out many activities such as touring in the south， touring in the West， touring in the north and touring in the east. By consulting the documents of Emperor Qianlongs touring activities and the historical materials of Yuanmingyuan， the author analyzes how Emperor Qianlong moved the beautiful scenery of the world to the Yuanmingyuan.The Emperor Qianlong recreated the beautiful scenery in the Yuanmingyuan Garden in the form of “Writing imitations”， creating a beautiful Yuanmingyuan Garden， which was like a fairyland on earth， therefore， Emperor Qianlongs touring activities effectively promoted the construction of Yuanmingyuan.

Key Words Yuanmingyuan; The Qianlong emperor;tours; writing imitations;construction route

清朝一度在乾隆年间达到鼎盛，史称“康乾盛世”。乾隆帝在位 60 年（1736-1795 年），为了使清朝万方安和、九州清晏，他曾 6 次南巡江南，6 次西巡五台山，52 次北狩承德避暑山庄和木兰秋狄，4 次东巡盛京。朝鲜使臣曾称乾隆朝为“一日不肯留京，出入无常”的“马上朝廷”。乾隆帝自幼就与圆明园结缘，即位后其亲自担任总设计师，开始大规模改建和增建，最终奠定了圆明园作为皇家御园和“万园之园”的宏伟格局。本文旨在分析乾隆帝的巡幸活动是如何影响圆明园营建路径的。

一、乾隆帝对圆明园营建的重大贡献

圆明园最初为雍亲王胤禛的王府花园，作为胤禛的第四子弘历（即后来的乾隆帝），自小就生活在圆明园。……