李洁

摘要：国家管辖外海域生物多样性（BBNJ）作为全球海洋治理的最新议题之一，已经进入到全球性协定政府间谈判阶段，有望改善已有规则的碎片化和滞后性。与此同时，区域性海洋机制也扩展至国家管辖范围以外海域，并呈现不断发展之势。作为全球治理体系化框架中的重要组成部分，区域性制度在BBNJ全球治理进程中既体现出独特优势，又不免具有一定局限性。在发挥BBNJ全球性协定主导作用的前提下，区域性海洋机制还需要进一步加强相互合作，配合BBNJ协定的实施。面对BBNJ国际规制多层次和动态化的特点，中国不仅需要深度参与BBNJ协定谈判，同时也要注重研判区域性海洋制度的未来趋势。在实现自身海洋强国战略的同时，也为国际海洋秩序的公平合理发展贡献大国力量。

关键词：全球海洋治理;BBNJ协定;区域性海洋机制

中图分类号：D993.5文献标志码：A

文章编号：2096-028X（2021）04-0080-08

Functions and trends of regional ocean mechanism under BBNJ global governance

LI Jie

（School of International Law，Northwest University of Political Science and Law，Xian 710122，China）

Abstract：As one of the latest issues in global ocean governance， the marine biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction （BBNJ） has entered the stage of intergovernmental negotiations on a global agreement， which is expected to improve the fragmentation and lag of existing rules. At the same time， the regional mechanism has also expanded to marine areas beyond national jurisdiction and is showing a trend of continuous development. As an important part of the framework of the global governance system， regional systems play their unique advantages in the process of BBNJ global governance， but they also inevitably have certain limitations. Therefore， under the premise of giving play to the leading role of the BBNJ global agreement， the regional mechanism also needs to be continuously improved in terms of coordination and cooperation and thereby enhancing its own capacity building. Faced with the multi-level and dynamic characteristics of BBNJ international regulations， China not only needs to deeply participate in the negotiations of the BBNJ agreement， but also pay attention to studying the development trend of regional systems. While realizing Chinas marine power strategy， it also contributes to the fair and reasonable development of the international order of the sea.

Key words：global ocean governance; BBNJ agreement; regional ocean mechanism

國家管辖范围外海域生物多样性（biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction，简称BBNJ）养护和可持续利用是近年来最受瞩目的海洋治理议题之一。BBNJ全球治理是一个体系化、立体性的框架。除了正在谈判中的BBNJ协定之外，不少国家和国际组织也在区域层面开展行动，把对海洋环境保护卓有成效的区域性海洋机制推广至公海和国际海底区域，形成了内涵丰富、方式多样的区域化养护实践。区域性安排和全球性文书都是BBNJ全球治理框架下的积极尝试，国际社会在推进全球性BBNJ协定谈判的同时，也需要重视区域性海洋机制的作用发挥。……