摘要：因欧盟法的自治性及其有关欧盟缔约权能的分配，欧盟有关投资者与东道国投资争端解决机制（ISDS机制）的改革面临欧盟法的挑战。欧盟法院对相关ISDS机制与欧盟法的兼容性判断，以及对欧盟在ISDS机制上缔约权限的澄清，一方面推动欧盟原有ISDS机制的退出和新机制的构建，另一方面也将增加后续ISDS机制缔约程序的复杂性，并带来对部分案件的适用争议。欧盟法院的实践也反映了ISDS机制中的国内法适用与解释难题，应当在仲裁庭对国内法体系的尊重和保持仲裁庭对国内法客观独立的适用和解释权之间寻求平衡。此外，国内法院在ISDS机制中的作用和参与也应被重视。

关键词：欧盟法院;ISDS机制;欧盟法;国内法;国内法院

中图分类号：D996.4文献标志码：A

文章编号：2096-028X（2021）04-0029-10

Challenges of EU law in the reform of EUs ISDS mechanism：

interpretation by Court of Justice of the European Union and its enlightenment

CAO Xing-guo

（Law School，Dalian Maritime University，Dalian 116026，China）

Abstract：Due to the autonomy of EU law and the competence of EUs contracting power， EUs reform against the Investor-State Dispute Settlement （ISDS） Mechanism faces challenges from EU law. The rulings and opinions of the Court of Justice of the European Union （CJEU） regarding the compatibility of relevant ISDS mechanism with EU law and the confirmation of EUs power to conclude agreements on ISDS mechanism， constitute an important part of the EUs reform of ISDS mechanism. These rulings and opinions on the one hand promote the replacement of EUs formal ISDS mechanism and the construction of a new mechanism， on the other hand， increase the complexity of the follow-up approval procedure and bring disputes over the application of those cases. The practice of the CJEU reflects the issue of the application and interpretation of domestic law in the ISDS mechanism. Attention shall be paid to on how to keep a balance on the respect of the domestic law by the arbitral tribunal and the objective and independent right of application and interpretation of the domestic law by the arbitral tribunal. In addition， the role and participation of domestic courts in the ISDS mechanism shall also be emphasized.

Key words：CJEU;ISDS mechanism;EU law;domestic law;domestic courts

欧盟对投资者与东道国投资争端解决机制（Investor-State Dispute Settlement，简称ISDS机制）的改革伴随着欧盟新一代自由贸易协定（Free Trade Agreement，简称FTA）的签订成为晚近该领域的研究热点。不过，条约实践仅仅是欧盟ISDS机制改革的外部推动，ISDS机制在欧盟内部的革新同样因欧盟法的特殊性而面临不少挑战：欧盟推动的以国际投资法院的构建为核心内容的ISDS新机制（欧盟ISDS新机制）如何取代既有的、存在于诸多双边投资协定（Bilateral Investment Treaty，简称BIT）中的、 数量庞杂的ISDS机制？欧盟推动的ISDS机制本身是否会损害欧盟法律自治性（autonomy）而与欧盟法不兼容（incompatible）？欧盟是否有权限单独缔结包含ISDS机制的新条约而无需成员国的共同批准？这些问题事关欧盟ISDS机制改革的内部程序、方式与合法性，其重要程度絲毫不逊于ISDS机制的国际协定谈判。……