张靓　齐昊

[摘要] 自闭症是一种广泛性發育障碍的疾病，近几年的自闭症患者数量不断增加。该文选取自闭症相关研究文献，从PubMed数据库中抽取自闭症相关文献，通过发文量统计发现自闭症研究文献呈现指数上涨趋势且在2016年达到顶峰。运用词频分析法截取相关高频词制作关键词词云发现随着自闭症患者年龄的不断增长，研究者较为关注自闭症的共病问题。利用中心性分析、共词分析和社会网络分析方法，通过VOSviewer可视化软件形成了6个研究主题的聚类，分别为自闭症的相关基础理论研究、致病因素研究、表型症状研究、临床诊断研究、干预措施研究、共病研究，并基于知识图谱对自闭症研究相关文献进行主题分析，从发文量和研究热点角度探究自闭症的研究现状及发展趋势，为科研人员提供参考依据。

[关键词] 自闭症谱系障碍;知识图谱;主题分析

[中图分类号] R749.94 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-5654（2020）07（b）-0191-06

An Analysis of Research Topics on Autism Spectrum Disorder Based on Knowledge Graph

ZHANG Liang1， QI Hao1，2

1.Medical Big Data Center of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University， Taiyuan， Shanxi Province， 030001 China; 2.Department of Endocrinology， the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University， Taiyuan， Shanxi Province， 030001 China

[Abstract] Autism is a disease of widespread developmental disorders. In recent years， the number of patients with autism has been increasing. This article selects autism-related research literature and extracts autism-related literature from the PubMed database. Through the statistics of the number of publications， it is found that the autism research literature has an exponential upward trend and reached its peak in 2016. Using word frequency analysis to intercept relevant high-frequency words to create a keyword word cloud found that as the age of autistic patients continues to grow， researchers pay more attention to the comorbidity of autism. Using centrality analysis， co-word analysis， and social network analysis methods， clusters of 6 research topics were formed through the VOSviewer visualization software， which are related to basic theoretical research on autism， pathogenic factors， phenotypic symptoms， and clinical trials. Diagnosis research， intervention research， comorbidity research， and based on the knowledge map to conduct thematic analysis of autism research related literature， explore the current status and development trend of autism research from the perspective of the number of articles and research hotspots， and provide reference for scientific researchers.

[Key words] Autism spectrum disorder; Knowledge graph; Topic analysis

自闭症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorder，ASD），又称孤独症，是一种发育障碍类疾病。美国在2013年颁布了《精神疾病诊断与统计手册—第5版》（DSM-5），并以自闭症谱系障碍替代了除雷特氏症以外的广泛性发育障碍[1]。目前，自闭症多高发于儿童，且男女比例差异明显，男孩多于女孩。其主要特征为社交互动障碍、语言沟通障碍和重复刻板行为等[2]。然而自闭症的病因尚不明确，但有研究[3]认为与遗传、免疫、代谢、肠道菌群和环境等因素密切相关。近几十年来，自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的发病率持续上涨，根据美国疾病控制与预防中心CDC估计，大约每59名儿童中就有1名被确诊患有自闭症谱系障碍。……