周韩　马钟丹妮　周德生　邓奕辉

〔摘要〕 目的 研究急性脑梗死患者的中医体质与危险因素分布及两者的相关性。方法 以急性脑梗死患者为研究对象，采用《中医体质分类与判定标准》进行中医体质类型判定，收集303例急性脑梗死患者相关危险因素的资料，并进行中医体质与危险因素的相关性分析。结果 303例急性脑梗死患者9种体质类型由高至低依次为：痰湿质、阴虚质、血瘀质、气虚质、阳虚质、气郁质、平和质、湿热质、特禀质。其中以痰湿质、阴虚质、血瘀质、气虚质最多，占总人数的91.5%。危险因素以高血压、高龄、饮食偏嗜最多见，但高血压与缺血性中風的主要体质无明显相关性，而其他危险因素如糖尿病史与痰湿体质有着明显的相关性，卒中病史和阴虚体质、痰湿体质有着明显的相关性。结论 痰湿质、阴虚质、血瘀质、气虚质是急性脑梗死患者最常见的体质类型，且体质与危险因素密切相关。

〔关键词〕 急性脑梗死;中医体质;危险因素;相关性分析

〔中图分类号〕R255.2       〔文献标志码〕A       〔文章编号〕doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2020.01.013

〔Abstract〕 Objective To study the distribution and correlation of TCM constitution and risk factors in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods In this study， patients with acute cerebral infarction were taken as the research object， and the TCM constitution type was determined by Classification and Criteria of Constitution of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The data of 303 patients with acute cerebral infarction related risk factors were collected， and the correlation between TCM constitution and risk factors was analyzed. Results The 9 constitution types of 303 patients with acute cerebral infarction from high to low were phlegm-dampness constitution， Yin deficiency constitution， blood stasis constitution， Qi deficiency constitution， Yang deficiency constitution， Qi stagnation constitution， neutral constitution， damp-heat constitution and special constitution. Among them， phlegm dampness， Yin deficiency， blood stasis and Qi deficiency were the most common， accounting for 91.5% of the total number. The most common risk factors were hypertension， old age and diet preference， but hypertension has no obvious correlation with the main constitution of ischemic stroke， while other risk factors such as diabetes history had obvious correlation with phlegm-dampness constitution， and stroke history had obvious correlation with Yin deficiency constitution and phlegm-dampness constitution. Conclusion Phlegm-dampness， Yin deficiency， blood stasis and Qi deficiency are the most common types of constitution in patients with acute cerebral infarction， and constitution is closely related to risk factors.

〔Key words〕 acute cerebral infarction; constitution of traditional Chinese medicine; risk factors; correlation analysis

脑卒中包括缺血性与出血性脑卒中，而急性缺血性脑卒中（急性脑梗死）是最常见的卒中类型，占我国脑卒中的69.6%～70.8%[1]。据2016年的全球疾病负担数据调查显示，脑卒中已成使我国寿命年损失的第一位病因[2-3];且《中国卫生统计年鉴》显示2003年至2014年我国脑血管病死亡率呈上升趋势，2014年我国脑卒中颅内出血和脑梗死的住院总费用分别为207.07亿元和470.35亿元[4]，给患者和社会带来了沉重的负担。……