《眼科集成》组方用药特色探讨
2020-10-14田野彭俊蒋鹏飞彭清华
田野 彭俊 蒋鹏飞 彭清华
〔摘要〕 《眼科集成》的组方思路与用药颇具特色,从脏腑关系与五行生克关系立方,寒热并用,攻补兼施,以善用温热药与引药为特色,且药物剂量普遍较大,在当时独树一帜。本文对《眼科集成》组方用药特色进行了探讨,希望能对眼科临床诊疗提供一定思路。
〔关键词〕 眼科集成;脏腑;五行;五轮;温热药
〔中图分类号〕R276.7 〔文献标志码〕A 〔文章编号〕doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2020.01.010
〔Abstract〕 Ophthalmology Integration has a special combination of formula and medications. The formula is related the zang-fu organs and the five elements, and cold and heat drugs were all used, for both attacking and supplementing. The use of warm-heat medicines and lead-in medicines has become a major feature of this book, and the dosage of the medicines is generally large, which was unique at that time. This paper discussed the characteristics of the compatibility and medication of Ophthalmology Integration, and hopes to provide some help for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmology.
〔Keywords〕 Ophthalmology Integration; Zang-Fu organs; five elements; five wheels; warm and heat medicine
《眼科集成》為清代医家陈善堂所著,成书于清光绪十八年(1892年)。《眼科集成》总结和补充了清代以前部分医家的眼科经验,全书共两卷。上卷介绍了中医眼科五轮八廓理论、五运六气学说、火眼论、云翳论、用药论等,其中较为详细地介绍了外障眼病,所列每一病均介绍了该病的病因病机;下卷介绍了内障眼病、青光眼、小儿眼病、杂症及外治方、丹方、膏方等,是一本较为完备的中医眼科书籍。《眼科集成》以“眼通五脏,气贯五轮”为指导,从十二经脉在眼部的分布、五轮的定位、八廓的定位等方面对眼部与五脏的生理病理关系进行了系统且详细地阐述[1],其组方用药颇具特色,有鉴于此,本文对其用药特色进行探讨,希望对眼科临床诊疗提供一定思路。
1 组方特色
1.1 从五轮五脏关系立方
五轮学说起源于《黄帝内经》,如《灵枢·大惑论》:“五藏六腑之精气,皆上注于目而为之精。精之窠为眼,骨之精为瞳子,筋之精为黑眼,血之精为络,其窠气之精为白眼,肌肉之精为约束,裹撷筋骨血气之精,而与脉并为系,上属于脑,后出于项中。……
