靳欣婷 孟志兴

摘    要：2020年中央一号文件明确指出，我国要加快建设农业科技创新体系，依靠先进的科学技术，持续推进农业现代化的进程。要想实现农业持续稳定发展，其根本出路在于科技进步。全国各地都积极地依靠当地的资源禀赋优势，大力发展本地区的特色产业。山西省运城市拥有独特的地理位置，是生产高品质苹果的优势区。本文选取运城市2004—2018年苹果产量、物质、劳动、土地等投入产出数据，运用C-D生产函数模型和索罗余值，对运城市苹果种植过程中的技术进步贡献率进行了测定和分析。结果显示：2004—2018年，运城市苹果技术进步对苹果产量增加的平均贡献率高达97.40%。这说明技术进步已取代传统投入要素，成为促进苹果产业增长的首要因素。为了进一步提高运城市苹果行业的技术进步贡献率，一是要提高农业科研的比重;二要拓展新技术推广的模式;三是要积极与新型农业经营主体合作交流，以促进当地苹果产业的健康、可持续发展。

关键词：苹果种植;技术进步;贡献率;C-D生产函数

中图分类号：F326.13          文献标识码：A           DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2020.06.016

Abstract：  The No. 1 Document of the CPC Central Committee in 2020 clearly states that China should speed up the construction of agricultural science and technology innovation system and continue to promote the process of agricultural modernization by relying on advanced science and technology.To achieve sustainable and stable development of agriculture， the fundamental way out lies in scientific and technological progress.All over the country actively rely on local resource endowment advantage， vigorously develop the local characteristic industries. Yuncheng of Shanxi Province has a unique geographical location， which is the production of high-quality apple advantage area.Based on the input-output data of apple production， material， labor and land from 2004 to 2018 in Yuncheng City， the contribution rate of technical progress in apple planting process in Yuncheng city was measured and analyzed by using C-D production function model and solow residual value.The results showed that from 2004 to 2018， Yuncheng apple technology progress of production increases for the average contribution rate was as high as 97.40%.This suggested that technological advances had replaced traditional inputs as the primary factor driving apple's growth.In order to further improve the contribution rate of technological progress of Yuncheng Apple industry， firstly， the proportion of agricultural scientific research should be increased;Second， we should expand the mode of new technology promotion;Third， it is necessary to actively cooperate with new agricultural operators to promote the healthy and sustainable development of local apple industry.

Key words： apple planting;technological progress;contribution rate;C-D production function

2019年中央一号文件明确提出：“现阶段我国农业发展要由增产导向转向提质导向，依靠科技的力量，走出一条可持续的高质量发展道路”。苹果是食用最广泛的世界性水果，同时也是中国出口创汇的关键部分。果农的收入逐年增加以及农业结构体系的不断优化，这些都归功于趋于成熟的苹果行业[1]。据统计，中国出口的苹果以及果汁占比已经超过了全球的一半[2]。……