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临床药师参与1例妊娠期糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者的药学监护

2020-08-18吴文雅王先利

上海医药 2020年15期

吴文雅 王先利

摘 要 目的:探讨临床药师对妊娠期糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者药学监护的作用。方法:临床药师通过参与1例妊娠期糖尿病酮症酸中毒患者的药物治疗,协助医师制定和评估治疗方案,对患者进行药学监护和用药教育。结果:患者治疗6 d后血糖控制好,用药依从性提高,治疗期间未出现药物不良反应。结论:临床药师作为临床治疗团队中的一员,对患者进行疗效和不良反应监护,通过对患者进行用药教育,提高患者用药依从性,从而保障患者用药安全、经济、有效。

关键词 临床药师 妊娠期糖尿病酮症酸中毒 药学监护 用药教育

中图分类号:R714.256 文献标志码:C 文章编号:1006-1533(2020)15-0076-04

Pharmaceutical care of a patient with gestational diabetes ketoacidosis

WU Wenya1,2*, WANG Xianli1**

(1. Department of Pharmacy, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China; 2. Department of Pharmacy, Huaian Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Jiangsu Huaian 223002, China)

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the role of clinical pharmacists in pharmaceutical care of gestational diabetes ketoacidosis. Methods: The clinical pharmacists participated in the treatment of a patient with gestational diabetic ketoacidosis, assisted physicians in formulating and evaluating treatment plans and provided pharmaceutical care and medication education for patients. Results: The blood glucose level in the patient was well controlled 6 days after treatment, her drug compliance was improved, and no adverse drug reactions occurred during the treatment. Conclusion: Clinical pharmacists as a member of the clinical treatment team can monitor the efficacy and adverse reactions of patients, and then improve patients medication compliance and ensure the safety, economy and effectiveness of medication by educating patients on medication.

KEY WORDS clinical pharmacists; gestational diabetes ketoacidosis; pharmaceutical care; medication education

妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)是指妊娠前無糖尿病或糖耐量异常,在妊娠期发生或首次发现的糖尿病或糖耐量异常,且分娩后患者发展为2型糖尿病的危险性增加[1-2]。近年来,随着人们生活方式的改变及“二孩政策”全面开放后高龄孕产妇的数量增加,GDM发病率呈上升趋势,药物治疗已成为综合治疗措施中的重要部分。若患者血糖控制不佳,对母婴危害较大,可出现先兆子痫、自然流产、糖尿病酮症酸中毒(diabetes mellitus ketoacidosis,DKA),胎儿或婴儿可出现畸形、巨大儿及新生儿呼吸窘迫[1-2]。DKA是糖尿病患者严重的急性并发症,常发生于1型糖尿病胰岛素治疗中断或剂量不足以及2型糖尿病遭受各种应激,是糖尿病代谢紊乱严重失代偿的一种临床表现[3-4]。妊娠期糖尿病合并酮症酸中毒是妊娠期的严重并发症,如不及时采取有效的措施进行治疗,往往会为产妇及胎儿带来严重的后果,在增加产妇胎膜早破、早产、难产等风险的同时,还可能会造成新生儿窒息、胎儿死亡以及畸形等情况的发生[5]。……

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