[摘要] 目的 分析临床护士下肢深静脉血栓知信行现状及改进措施。方法 对医院100名护士进行问卷调查，分析护士对下肢深静脉血栓的认知、态度以及预防行为，同时根据调查结果采取相应的改进措施。结果 58%护士知晓下肢深静脉血栓的形成原因和表现，88%护士认为预防下肢深静脉血栓是临床护理的重要内容，50%护士会指导患者做好预防措施，71%护士认为缺乏合适的工具。在改进措施实施之后，住院患者下肢深静脉血栓发生率明显下降。结论 通过分析临床护士对下肢深静脉血栓的知信行现状，从而提出相应的改进措施，有助于完善临床护理工作，预防下肢深静脉血栓的出现，有助于改善患者的生活质量。

[关键词] 临床护士;下肢深静脉血栓;知信行;改进措施

[中图分类号] R473 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-5654（2020）05（b）-0181-03

Analysis of the Status of Lower Limb Deep Vein Thrombosis in Clinical Nurses

CHEN Li

Chongqing Rongchang District People's Hospital， Rongchang， Chongqing， 402460 China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the status and improvement measures of deep vein thrombosis in lower limbs of clinical nurses. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 100 nurses in the hospital， and the nurses' perceptions， attitudes， and preventive behaviors of deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs were analyzed， and corresponding improvement measures were taken according to the survey results. Results 58% of nurses knew the causes and manifestations of deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs， 88% of nurses thought that prevention of deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs was an important part of clinical care， 50% of nurses would instruct patients to take preventive measures， and 71% of nurses thought that they lacked suitable tools. After the implementation of the improvement measures， the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in the lower limbs of hospitalized patients decreased significantly. Conclusion By analyzing the current status of the knowledge and practice of lower limb deep vein thrombosis by clinical nurses， the corresponding improvement measures are proposed to help improve the clinical nursing work， prevent the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs， and improve the quality of life of patients.

[Key words] Clinical nurse; Deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs; Knowledge and practice; Improvement measures

下肢深靜脉血栓是指下肢深部静脉血管内血液凝结，而血栓形成之后很少有自行消融或局限在发生部位的情况，多数血栓可能蔓延至整个深静脉主干，若未及时发现和治疗，其可能引起静脉溃疡、肺栓塞与脑栓塞，进一步增加患者临床治疗的复杂性，给患者带来巨大的痛苦[1]。有研究指出，普外科术后下肢深静脉血栓的发生率为40%，而危重症患者下肢深静脉血栓发生率超过70%[2]。近些年来随着我国外科手术患者的增长，导致下肢深静脉血栓发生率也不断增长，其中约有40%患者发生肺栓塞，增加了患者猝死的风险[3]。目前临床医学对于下肢深静脉血栓防治缺乏科学、系统的措施，防治效果不理想。……