宫颈上皮内瘤变诊断及治疗新进展 ?
2020-06-08柯珣瑜
柯珣瑜
【摘要】 本文通过检索国内外的相关文献探讨子宫颈上皮内瘤变的诊断、治疗及不同治疗后的妊娠结局研究的新进展,主要探讨的问题涉及宫颈上皮内瘤变的新的分子生物学及免疫学进展,包括宫颈组织中Survivin蛋白表达、血浆中小分子核糖核酸(miRNA)-21、miRNA-214、miRNA-34a和miRNA-200a、癌组织中DLC-1、BMI-1、C-myc、FHIT的表达等研究;还涉及聚焦超声治疗高级别上皮内瘤变与传统LEEP术、宫颈锥切术的预后分析;最后探讨不同治疗后的产科结局。
【关键词】 宫颈上皮内瘤变 临床诊断 临床治疗 产科结局
[Abstract] In this paper, the diagnosis and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and the new progress in the study of pregnancy outcome after different treatments were discussed by searching the relevant literature at home and abroad. The new molecular biology and immunology progress of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were mainly discussed. Including the expression of Survivin protein in cervical tissue, miRNA-21, miRNA-214, miRNA-34a and miRNA-200a in plasma, DLC-1, BMI-1, C-myc and FHIT in cancer tissue, etc. It also involves the prognosis analysis of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia treated by focused ultrasound, traditional LEEP and cervical conization, and finally discusses the obstetric outcome after different treatments.
子宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia)是與子宫颈浸润癌密切相关的一组子宫颈病变,WHO 2012年数据显示,子宫颈癌已成为女性第四大恶性肿瘤,及时诊断及治疗子宫颈上皮内瘤变有着重大的意义。基于此,本文查阅了万方数据库、中国知网、NIH、Pub Med、EMBASE文献数据库等,通过搜索关键词“子宫颈上皮内病变”“CIN”“诊断”“治疗”“妊娠结局”“产科结局”“diagnose”“therapy”“cervical intraepithelial neoplasia”“obstetric outcome”“pregnancy outcome”等,共检索400多篇文献,直接有参考价值的论文有26篇。现对宫颈上皮内瘤变的临床诊治新进展做一综述。
1 子宫颈上皮内瘤变的诊断
1.1 研究现状
1.1.1 P16在病理诊断中的价值 目前国内外最常见的是三阶梯诊断方法,即子宫颈癌筛查、阴道镜检查、组织病理学诊断[1]。对于子宫颈筛查异常经阴道镜评价活检后,病理学诊断称为宫颈上皮内瘤变及子宫颈癌的金标准。目前基本上广泛开展了通过P16区别低级别上皮内瘤变及高级别上皮内瘤变,p16基因是主要作用在于能够直接参与细胞周期的调节,抑制细胞周期素依赖性蛋白激酶CDK4/CDK6的活性,阻止细胞从G1期进入s期。……
