明月月 吴群 牛金利 丁月霞

摘要 为了解临床常用抗菌药对兔源沙门氏菌的体外抑菌效果，采用微量肉汤二倍稀释法测定临床常用8种抗菌药物对病原菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC），采用棋盘稀释法进行体外联合药敏试验测定病原菌部分的抑菌浓度指数（FIC）。结果表明，分离鉴定病原菌为沙门氏菌，庆大霉素的抑菌效果最强（0.125 μg/mL），其次为氧氟沙星（0.250 μg/mL）、恩诺沙星（0.500 μg/mL），磺胺嘧啶钠（8.000 μg/mL）、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶与阿米卡星（均为16.000 μg/mL）抑菌效果较差，而阿莫西林与青霉素的抑菌效果最差（均为128.000 μg/mL）。联合药敏试验结果表明，阿莫西林与氧氟沙星、庆大霉素与氧氟沙星联用呈协同作用，阿米卡星与磺胺嘧啶钠、阿米卡星与磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、恩诺沙星与阿米卡星联用呈无关作用，氧氟沙星与磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、青霉素与阿米卡星、庆大霉素与磺胺嘧啶钠联用呈拮抗作用。

关键词 兔源沙门氏菌，抗菌药，最小抑菌浓度（MIC），聯合药敏试验

中图分类号 S855.1文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2020）06-0074-03

Abstract In order to understand antimicrobial effect of the clinical commonly used antimicrobial agents on salmonella from rabbit in vitro，we used eight kinds of antimicrobial drugs against pathogens to investigate the minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） of the clinical commonly，and the fractional inhibitory concentration （FIC index） of some antimicrobial agents against pathogens was determined by the chessboard dilution method of microbroth.The results showed that the isolated and identified pathogenic was Salmonella sp..And antibacterial drugs of gentamicin performed well with MIC of 0.125 μg/mL， followed by xfloxacin （0.250 μg/mL） and enrofloxacin（0.500 μg/mL），the sulfadiazine sodium（8.000 μg/mL），sulfamonomethoxine and amikacin（both 16.000 μg/mL） have even lower antimicrobial effect， amoxicillin and penicillin showed the worst antimicrobial effect，with MIC both of 128.000 μg/mL.By combining with drug sensitive test results，the combination of amoxicillin and ofloxacin，gentamicin and ofloxacin showed a synergy effect.But the combination of amikacin and sulfadiazine sodium，amikacin and sulfamonomethoxine，enrofloxacin and amikacin showed no correlation.Penicillin and amikacin，gentamicin and sulfadiazine sodium had a combination role in antagonism.The combination of xfloxacin and sulfamonomethoxine，penicillin and amikacin，gentamicin and sulfadiazine sodium showed antagonism.

Key words Salmonella from rabbit，Antibiotics，Minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC），Combined drug sensitiveness test

沙门氏菌是肠杆菌科中最常见的病原菌之一，为两端钝圆、无荚膜、无芽孢、周身鞭毛、大部分都具有菌毛的革兰氏阴性胞内寄生短肠杆菌[1]。沙门氏菌在自然界中广泛分布，至今已检测出血清型2 500余种，我国已有292个血清型的报道[2]，能引起畜禽、犬猫等多种动物感染疾病，也可导致人类食物中毒，具有广泛的致病性[3]。据调查，我国由沙门氏菌引起的食源性疾病占70%～80%，有相当一部分人感染沙门氏菌与食用沙门氏菌污染的动物性食品有关[4]。……