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各国毒品预防打击政策比较与技术效应

2020-01-08高群刘佳瑾

广义虚拟经济研究 2020年2期

高群 刘佳瑾

摘 要: 毒品犯罪一直是国际共同关注的重点问题。对世界各国毒品预防打击政策进行阐述,在“最大限度减少危害”、“减少需求”、“社区治疗”、“毒品联合战争”影响范围比较广的政策趋向基础上,结合目前已有的四种技术手段:接触式技术手段、非接触性技术手段、基于智能手段的培训技术、情绪辅导手段进行政策比较与技术效应的分析,发现还存在技术研发不到位、各相关单位协调能力不到位、社会资源利用不充分的问题。针对以上,本文提出加强禁毒有效性的对策建议,为毒品预防打击提供政策方案的借鉴。

关键词: 毒品;禁毒政策;技术手段;技术效应

中图分类号:D917.6 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-9448 (2020) 02-0042-07

Comparison and Technical Effects of Drug Prevention and Combat Policies in Various Countries

GAO Qun LIU Jia-jin

(1.School of Economics and Management, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108,China 2.Fujian Provincial Drug Prevention and Rehabilitation Research Center, Fuzhou, Fujian350108, China)

Abstract: Drug crimes seriously threaten the political stability, social security and peoples physical and mental health of all countries, and have always been the focus of international attention. Explain the drug prevention and combat policies of countries all over the world, and combine the four existing policies on the basis of the policy trends of “minimizing harm”, “reducing demand”,“community treatment” and “drug joint war”. Technical means: contact technology, non-contact technology, intelligent technology-based training technology, emotional counseling means for policy comparison and technical effect analysis, found that there are still technical research and development, the coordination ability of all relevant units is not in place, society The problem of insufficient resource utilization. In view of the above, this paper proposes the logic of the coupling of innovative technical talents and educational talents, strictly controls the transfer of power from the central to local limits, enhances the efficiency of resource use of non-governmental organizations, and improves the effectiveness of the drug law enforcement process for drug prevention. Strike to provide a reference for policy options.

Key words: drugs,anti-drug policy,technical means,technical effect

一、引言

毒品問题已经成为一个国际性的难点,联合国《2019年世界毒品问题报告》指出,世界上约有2.71亿人使用毒品,其中,约占全球成年人口5.5%的人在使用毒品过程中造成身心健康受损,每年只有1/7的吸毒者接受毒品治疗服务。在各种新型毒品来势凶猛的背景下,禁毒行动反应不及时,政策的更新周期赶不上毒品研制、流通渠道的速度。毒品流通贩卖方面,重大贩毒案件持续上升,贩毒团伙利用互联网等信息技术形成隐秘的跨区域贩毒网络,利用特殊人群进行贩毒活动,暴力对抗禁毒执法工作,与其他犯罪活动紧密联系,增加贩毒网络复杂性,贩毒区域和能量呈现扩张性,贩毒活动出现国际化交织的特点。

互联网信息背景下,利用新技术研发新型毒品的周期缩短,毒品种类更加丰富和隐秘,互联网、智能技术的发展为毒品犯罪提供捷径,新的药物进入传统的供应渠道,增加了涉毒人员的需求源头。……

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