熊慈 王兆峰

摘 要： 区域星级饭店业集聚与效率的关系测度是当前研究的重要问题，基于2000—2017年中国30个省域的面板大数据，采用区位熵指数和DEA-Malmquist模型分别测度了中国省域星级饭店商圈的集聚程度和效率水平，利用PVAR模型检验了商圈星级饭店集聚与星级饭店效率之间的关系。结果表明：①中国星级饭店集聚趋势明显，省际差异较大；②中国星级饭店效率呈波动递增趋势，年均增长率为0.615%，在商圈空间上呈现点状分布格局；③中国星级饭店集聚与星级饭店效率存在依赖自身发展的惯性现象，星级饭店集聚的发展惯性大于星级饭店效率；两者相互冲击对彼此都产生正向的影响，存在双向作用关系，长期来看两者的响应程度有所下降并趋近于较低水平

关键词： 空间集聚；星级饭店效率；PVAR模型；测度

中图分类号： F719.3 文献标識码： A 文章编号： 1674-9448 （2020） 02-0034-08

Measurement of the Relationship Between Spatial Agglomeration and Efficiency of Chinas Provincial Star-rated Hotels Trade Area--An Analysis Based on PVAR Big Data Model

XIONG Ci WANG Zhao-feng

（ College of Tourism， Hunan Nomal University， Changsha 410081，China）

Abstract： The measurement of the relationship between agglomeration and efficiency of regional starrated hotels has been an important problem nowadays. Based on the panel big data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2017， this paper utilizes the location entropy index and DEA-Malmquist model to measure the agglomeration level together with efficiency of Chinas star-rated hotels. At the same time， it establishes a PVAR model to investigate the relationship of which. It comes out that： ①The trend of star hotels in China is obvious， and there are great differences between provinces， the agglomeration degree of star hotels shows an unbalanced feature in space； ②The efficiency of star hotels in China shows an increasing trend with an average annual growth rate of 0.615%，from the perspective of provincial scale， the efficiency of star hotels presents a point distribution pattern in space； ③ Star hotel agglomeration and efficiency have the phenomenon of development by their own inertia scale the development inert of star hotel agglomeration is more than efficiency.Both of them impact each other positively，there is a two-way relationship，in the long run， the degree of response of the two decreased and tended to be lower..

Keywords： spatial agglomeration，efficiency，PVAR model，measurement

一、引言

旅游业是拉动内需、促进经济转型升级和提升城市竞争力的重要途径。星级饭店是拉动中国旅游经济发展的主要力量[1]。自新世纪以来的17年中，星级饭店平均利润率为0.03%，平均客房出租率为56.448%，年均增长率仅为0.044%。可见，中国星级饭店经济效益低下，呈现出一种“高投入、低产出”的粗放型发展模式。提高饭店经营效率是重塑饭店业竞争力和提高旅游业效率的重要内容。集聚是经济空间的重要现象，是提升地方经济竞争力和发展水平的重要机制。从理论层面来看，集聚是饭店商圈空间分布的基本特征，而饭店在地理空间上的柔性集聚能实现规模经济和资源共享效应，促进饭店的创新[2]。……