某车型盘式制动器尖叫噪声分析及改进
2019-10-21李小珊韦进光秦再武纪浩
李小珊 韦进光 秦再武 纪浩
摘 要:文章针对某车型在后盘式制动器的尖叫噪声问题,在Abaqus中建立汽车低速状态制动的有限元模型进行复模态分析,得到与测试接近、特征根实部为正值的不稳定模态。在此基础上探究不稳定模态的影响因素来指导改进工作。结果表明:系统摩擦系数、摩擦块的弹性模量、制动盘刚度对制动尖叫噪声有重要影响,改进后结构无不稳定模态,经实车验证无尖叫噪声出现。关键词:制动尖叫;制动器;复模态;噪声中图分类号:U463.5 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1671-7988(2019)01-56-03
Brake-squeal Noise Analysis and Improvement of a Certain Vehicle*
Li Xiaoshan, Wei Jinguang, Qin Zaiwu, Ji Hao
( TDC, SAIC GM Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd, Guangxi Liuzhou 545007 )
Abstract: This paper studied on brake-squeal Noise of a certain vehicles rear brake system. The finite element model of this system was established, and the complex eigenvalue was carried out by Abaqus software. A unstable dynamic response with positive value of eigenvlues real part that was calculated by simulation. Its frequency was consistent with test results. On this basis, the influencing factors of unstable frequency were researched that could be use to improve this brake-squeal issue. The results showed that system friction coefficient, brake pads elastic modulus, and brake discs stiffness have important influence on brake-squeal noise. And there was no positive value of real part in improved brake system, which shows that the optimization analysis was effective.Keywords: brake-squeal; brake system; complex eigenvalue; noiseCLC NO.: U463.5 Document Code: A Article ID: 1671-7988(2019)01-56-03
前言
当前绝大部分乘用车都采用前后盘式制动器通过摩擦的方式进行制动,由此产生的噪声,本质是摩擦引起,这种由于摩擦引起的振动和噪声,是机械工程领域重大的科学问题[1],具有较大学科深度与难度。J.D.Power的调查报告显示,制动尖叫占针对汽车制动器问题总投诉量的60%[2];对应解决这一问题,制动器供应商的资金投入占研发经费的50%以上[3]。因此,研究和抑制制动过程中的振动和噪声,具有重要意义和经济价值。

本文针对某车型在开发过程中出现后盘式制动器的尖叫噪声,通过LMS振动噪声测试设备采集和分析其噪声和振动频率,在Abaqus内建立了该制动器的仿真模型进行复模态分析,得到与测试接近的不稳定模态,然后进一步探究不稳定模态的影响因素来指导设计优化,最终解决该问题。
1 基于模态耦合理论的复特征值分析
汽车的制动过程是由多个零部……
