我国自动驾驶汽车行业发展现状及存在问题的探讨
2019-10-21徐志刚张宇琴王羽宋瑞王润民赵祥模
徐志刚 张宇琴 王羽 宋瑞 王润民 赵祥模
摘 要:自动驾驶汽车已成为全球发展趋势,但在中国发展有其独特的优势与劣势。文章总结了自动驾驶汽车发展的背景及研发、测试现状,梳理了近年来我国政府出台的相关政策、法规,分析了其在中国发展遇到的阻力与助力,提出了其在中国的发展趋势,自动驾驶汽车将带动整个汽车行业发生改变,颠覆性地重构消费者的出行体验。关键词:汽车技术;自动驾驶汽车;行业发展;汽车测试;行业法规;行业预测中图分类号:U461.99 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1671-7988(2019)01-13-09
Discussion on the development status and existing problemsof China'sself-driving car industry
Xu Zhigang1, Zhang Yuqin1, Wang Yu2, Song Rui2, Wang Runmin2, Zhao Xiangmo1
( 1.School of information engineering, chang'an university, Shaanxi Xi'an 710064;2.China Automotive Technology&Research Center Co.Ltd, Tianjin 300300)
Abstract:Autonomous Vehicles(AV) have become a global trend, but there are unique advantages and disadvantages in China. Article summarizes the background of the development of Autonomous Vehicles and the present situation of research and development, testing, combed the in recent years, our government has issued relevant policies, laws and regulations, analyzes its development encountered resistance and power in China, puts forward its development trend in China, Autonomous Vehicles will drive the whole auto industry change, disruptive to refactor the consumer travel experience.Keywords: Automotive technology; Autonomous Vehicles; Industry development; Automobile testing; Industry regulations; Industry estimatesCLC NO.: U461.99 Document Code: A Article ID:1671-7988(2019)01-13-09
引言

自動驾驶汽车(Autonomous Vehicles,AV)指一类能够以高度智能化的方式实现自主环境感知、行驶规划决策和车辆控制功能的汽车[1]。AV由多个软硬件系统整合而成[2],概念系统结构如图1所示,包括感知层、认知层、决策层、控制层、执行层五部分,主要用于完成感知定位、路径规划、行为预测、轨迹生成、控制执行等五种功能[3]:1)感知定位功能通过车辆上装备的多种传感器的相互校验和信息融合实现;2)基于实时定位和感知信息,AV需要根据目的地位置、道路几何设计、交通控制规则等相对长效的信息规划和更新行驶路径;3)行为预测通过推断临近环境中其他交通参与者的未来短期行为,为下一阶段生成行车轨迹提供周边动态障碍物的运动方向速度等信息;4)轨迹生成指结合规划路径信息与行为预测等信息,生成各个目标点之间的多个路径点,主要包含每个轨迹点的速度……
