李谦　杨建兴　李智　张学玲

摘 要：目的：掌握宁夏地区生产的大米的5种重金属污染情况。方法：采用ICP-MS法分析采集自宁夏全区的共计95个大米样品。结果：宁夏产的95份大米中5种重金属指标全部合格，全部符合GB 2762-2017《食品安全国家标准 食品污染物限量要求》中大米中5种重金属含量的检出要求，合格率100%。其中铅的检出率0%;镉的检出率41%，检出值范围在0～0.2 mg·kg-1;铬的检出率71.6%，检出值范围在0～0.3 mg·kg-1;汞的检出率24.2%，检出值范围在0～0.01 mg·kg-1;砷的检出率95.8%，检出值范围在0～0.2 mg·kg-1。结论：宁夏大米未受到重金属污染，食用性高。

关键词：宁夏大米;重金属;铅;镉;铬;砷;汞

Abstract：Objective： Understand the situation of five heavy metal pollutants in rice produced in Ningxia. Methods： a total of 95 rice samples were collected from Ningxia by ICP-MS. Analyze. Results： the content of five heavy metals in 95 rice from Ningxia was all qualified， and all met the detection requirements of five heavy metals in rice according to the national standard of food safety GB 2762-2017. The qualified rate was 100%. The detection rate of lead was 0%. The detection rate of cadmium was 41%， and the detection value ranged from 0 to 0.2 mg·kg-1. The detection rate of chromium was 71.6%， and the detection value ranged from 0 to 0.3 mg·kg-1. The detection rate of mercury was 24.2%， and the detection value ranged from 0 to 0.01 mg·kg-1. The detection rate of arsenic was 95.8%， and the detection value ranged from 0 to 0.2 mg·kg-1. Conclusion： rice in Ningxia is not polluted by heavy metal and has high edible value.

Key words：Ningxia rice; Heavy metal; Lead; Cadmium; Chromium; Arsenic; Mercury

中圖分类号：R155.5

食品安全是最基本的民生问题，受到全社会的广泛关注[1]。

大米是我国居民的主要主食，调查大米重金属污染情况意义重大，宁夏大米是全国农产品地理标志产品。宁夏回族自治区引黄灌区是中国北方的一个古老稻区，宁夏回族自治区平原灌区种稻始于6世纪后半叶，已有1 400多年的历史。宁夏回族自治区平原沿河两岸，地势平坦，享黄河之利，旱涝无虞，是宁夏农业的精华之地[2]。水稻一年一熟，多与旱作物轮种，实行稻旱三段轮作制或两段轮作制[2]，局部低洼盐碱地实行连作种稻。宁夏稻区气候干燥，日照充足，昼夜温差大[2]，病虫害轻，污染源少，生产的大米表面光滑，晶莹剔透，细腻油亮，入口粘而不腻，滑润爽口，口感极佳。2008年12月3日，国家正式批准对“宁夏大米”实施农产品地理标志登记保护[3]。

目前，大米的安全问题主要集中在重金属污染、农药残留等方面。……