铝合金轮毂弯曲性能有限元分析
2019-10-21童寒川,夏伟
童寒川,夏伟



摘 要:汽车轮毂是汽车上的重要旋转部件,文章以汽车轮毂为研究对象,对其弯曲性能进行有限元分析,为其轻量化设计和结构优化提供理论基础。汽车轮毂的轻量化设计需从材料和结构两个方面考虑,在当前的汽车行业,铝合金是汽车轮毂的最佳选择材料;结构方面,文章利用CATIA三维设计软件对汽车轮毂进行简单的造型设计,然后运用ANSYS有限元软件,对轮毂的弯曲性能进行了有限元分析,研究了轮毂的应力分布情况,在保证其最大应力值远小于铝合金轮毂许用应力的情况下,对轮毂的结构优化设计提供了理论依据。
关键词:汽车轮毂;弯曲性能;有限元分析;结构优化
中图分类号:U465.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1671-7988(2019)23-132-03
Finite Element Analysis of Bending Performance of Aluminum Alloy Wheel hub*
Tong Hanchuan1, Xia Wei2
( 1.Wuhan City Polytechnic,Hubei Wuhan 430064; 2.Wuhan Technical College of Communications, Hubei Wuhan 430065)
Abstract: The automobile wheel hub is an important rotating component in the automobile. This paper takes the automobile wheel hub as the research object and conducts finite element analysis on its bending performance, which provides a theoretical basis for its lightweight design and structural optimization. The lightweight design of automobile wheels needs to be considered in terms of materials and structure. In the current automotive industry, aluminum alloy is the best choice for automobile wheels. In terms of structure, this paper uses CATIA three-dimensional design software to carry out simple design of automobile wheels. Then, using ANSYS finite element software, the finite element analysis of the bending performance of the hub is carried out, and the stress distribution of the hub is studied. The structure optimization of the hub is ensured when the maximum stress value is much smaller than the allowable stress of the aluminum alloy wheel hub. The design provides a theoretical basis.
Keywords: Automobile hub; Bending performance; Finite element analysis; Structural optimization
CLC NO.: U465.2 Document Code: A Article ID: 1671-7988(2019)23-132-03
引言
車轮是车辆行驶系统的重要部件,是联系汽车与地面之间的纽带,它承受着来自地面的冲击力、汽车行驶时的驱动力和制动力以及转弯行驶时的离心力等。车轮不仅是轮胎的形状骨架,也是将轮胎与车轴连接起来的旋转部件。近年来,随着行驶车速的提高,车轮的性能对汽车的制动安全性、操纵稳定性、行驶平顺性等有着重大影响。
车轮的强度和刚度与乘车人的安全和车辆的性能息息相关。一方面,如果车轮的刚度不够,在行驶时遇到冲击载荷就会产生局部塑性变形,车轮是一个动平衡的部件,局部的塑性变形会破坏车轮原来的性能,从而影响到整车的平顺性、乘坐的舒适性,还会带来冲击载荷使零部件遭到破坏,高速行驶的汽车遇到这种情况必将车毁人亡,后果是惨痛的。……
