周子立 陈丽莎

摘  要：本文分析了当前高校计算机基础教育及社会需求现状，针对高校计算机基础教育实践教学体系存在的标准不统一、重视理论教学而轻视实际操作等问题，从实践教学的目标体系、内容体系、方法体系、考核體系等多方面探索研究了新形势下高等院校计算机基础实践教学体系的创新建设，提出分层教学的教改方向。实践证明教改效果明显，课程考核合格率、计算机等级考试通过率显著提高，这对提高学生就业率和后期专业课学习都有帮助，值得长期探索研究。

关键词：计算机基础教学;目标体系;内容体系;考核体系;分层教学

中图分类号：TP301.07     文献标识码：A

Review of Teaching Reform in College Basic Computer Courses

ZHOU Zili，CHEN Lisha

（Zhejiang Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering，Hangzhou 310053，China）

Abstract：This paper analyses the current situation of computer basic education and social needs in colleges and universities.In view of the problems existing in the practical teaching system of computer basic education in colleges and universities，such as inconsistency of standards，emphasis on theoretical teaching and neglect of practical operation，explores and studies the innovative construction of the practical teaching system of computer basic courses in colleges and universities under the new form from the aspects of the objective system，content system，method system and assessment system of practical teaching，and puts forward specific direction of educational reform.It has been proven that the effect of teaching reform is obvious，and the passing rates of course examination and computer grade examination have been significantly improved，which is helpful for improving the employment rate of students and the study of professional courses in the later period，and is worthy of long-term exploration and research.

Keywords：basic computer teaching;objective system;content system;assessment system;stratified teaching

1   引言（Introduction）

随着社会信息化的深入发展，以计算机网络应用、物联网技术、大数据、云计算等为核心的信息科学和信息技术越来越显露出重要的地位和作用[1]。我国各类高等院校面临着如何在短时间内培养出具有一定理论基础并具有熟练操作能力合格毕业生的问题。适应社会需求积极推动产教融合、校企合作也成为各高等院校努力的方向。而熟悉计算机基础知识，掌握实用计算机操作技能也成为高校学生未来胜任本职工作、适应社会发展的必备条件之一[2]。因此，培养一批能熟练运用计算机为各行各业服务的通用型人才，已成为各高等院校面临的看似简单实际艰巨的任务。计算机基础教学如何由“理论教学”转为“案例教学”，从“统一内容教学”转为“专业需求培养”。……