陶钰敏

摘要：江苏沿海滩涂土地资源丰富，在沿海地区经济发展战略中占有重要地位。以江苏省如东县、盐都区内已围垦滩涂为例，对研究区内的农业生产生活状况进行调查，运用数理统计分析的方法，以不同农业开发类型、不同围垦时间为主要方向研究滩涂开发经济效益的变化。结果表明，在不同农业开发类型中，滩涂土地用于畜禽养殖业经济效益最高，水产养殖业次之，种植业经济效益最低。在不同围垦历史条件下，滩涂土地开发利用的经济效益随着垦区围垦时间的增长而降低，新垦区较老垦区经济效益高。江苏沿海滩涂土地利用效率有待提高。建议江苏沿海滩涂开发以种植业、养殖业为主，重视畜禽养殖业的发展，寻求多样化的发展模式；加大新垦区开发的投入力度，优化垦区内农业土地利用结构。

关键词：滩涂开发；围垦；经济效益

中图分类号：F301.2 文献标识码：A

文章编号：0439-8114（2018）19-0059-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.19.012 开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Study on Economic Benefits of Land Development in Jiangsu Tidal Flat

TAO Yu-min

（College of Public Administration，Hohai University，Nanjing 210098，China）

Abstract： Jiangsu coastal beach is rich in land resources and occupies an important position in the economic development strategy of the coastal areas. In the case of reclaimed tideland in Rudong country and Yandu area， the paper analyses the economic benefit change of beach development under different types of agricultural land development and different reclamation time， with the method of investing the agricultural production and living conditions of farmers and data statistical analysis. The result shows that livestock breeding industry has the highest economic benefits， aquaculture industry takes second and Planting becomes the lowest in different types of agricultural development. The economic benefit of mudflat development and utilization of land decreases with the growth of reclamation time in agricultural areas and the newly reclaimed area has higher economic benefits than the old one.The land use efficiency of Jiangsu Tidal Flat needs to be improved. It is suggested that the development of tidal flat in Jiangsu should be based on planting and breeding industry and more attention should be paid to the development of livestock and poultry breeding industry，seeking a diversified development model. It is also proposed to increase investment in the development of new reclamation area，to optimize agricultural land use structure in reclamation area.

Key words： shore reclamation； inning； economic benefit

滩涂资源是中国重要的后备土地资源，具有面积大、分布集中、开发潜力大等特点，经过合理围垦可形成农业种植、水产和畜禽养殖的重要基地。江苏是中国沿海滩涂资源最丰富的省份，其海岸线长954 km，具备区位、资源、气候等多方面优势，是中国东部地区开发潜力最大、最重要的后备土地资源[1]。江苏作为中国综合发展水平较高的省份，工业化、城镇化高速发展，土地供需矛盾尖锐，以占全国1%的土地养活全国6%的人口[2]。滩涂资源作为江苏省重要的后备土地资源具有巨大的开发潜力，合理开发利用滩涂资源一定程度上可以缓解人多地少的矛盾，同时可以促进农、林、牧、渔等产业的发展，对江苏沿海经济的发展具有重要意义[3]。……