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超声波辅助提取萝卜肉质根中莱菔子素工艺的优化

2018-11-22刘辰姚玉庆徐文玲刘贤娴王淑芬

山东农业科学 2018年8期

刘辰 姚玉庆 徐文玲 刘贤娴 王淑芬

摘要:利用单因素试验结合响应面分析法对萝卜肉质根中萝卜甙水解生成莱菔子素的超声波辅助工艺条件进行了优化。在单因素试验的基础上,以超声时间、超声功率、水浴时间、水浴温度为影响因素,利用Box-Behnken中心组合方法进行四因素三水平的试验设计,以提取的莱菔子素含量为响应值进行响应面分析。结果表明,最佳提取工艺为:超声时间20 min,超声功率240 W,水浴温度20℃,水浴时间1.0 h,实际值与理论值相差较小,通过响应面法优化得到的莱菔子素超声辅助提取工艺可靠。

关键词:萝卜;莱菔子素;响应面法;超声波辅助提取

中图分类号:S631.109+.2 文献标识号:A 文章编号:1001-4942(2018)08-0152-05

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Technology of

Sulforaphene in Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Root

Liu Chen, Yao Yuqing, Xu Wenling, Liu Xianxian, Wang Shufen

(Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Key Laboratory of

Greenhouse Vegetable Biology/Shandong Branch of National Vegetable Improvement Center, Jinan 250100, China)

Abstract The ultrasound-assisted hydrolysis conditions of glucoraphenin to sulforaphene in radish taproot was optimized by single factor experiments and response surface methodology. On the basis of single factor experiments, a three-level-four-factor test was employed to optimize the parameters (ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, water-bath time, water-bath temperature) by using Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology, and the content of sulforaphene was taken as the response value. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were as follows: ultrasonic time of 20 min, ultrasonic power of 240 W, water-bath temperature of 20℃ and water-bath time of 1.0 h. Under these conditions, the yield was close to the theoretical value. So the ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions optimized by response surface methodology were reliable.

Keywords Radish; Sulforaphene; Response surface methodology; Ultrasonic-assisted extraction technology

蘿卜(Raphanus sativus L.),又称莱菔,十字花科萝卜属异花授粉、一年或者两年生草本植物,根菜类蔬菜。萝卜不仅营养丰富,更具有药食同源的价值,在我国已有1 400多年的药用历史[1]。

萝卜与其他十字花科蔬菜一样,含有多种硫代葡萄糖苷[2]。此外,萝卜中还富含其他十字花科蔬菜所没有的萝卜甙(glucoraphenin),该成分在黑芥子酶的催化下酶解产生莱菔子素(sulforaphene)。莱菔子素与目前研究较为深入的抗癌活性物质莱菔硫烷同属异硫氰酸酯类物质,二者具有相同的功能基团,唯一的区别在于前者碳链结构上含有1个双键。已有的研究表明,莱菔子素在抗氧化、抑制细胞突变、抗癌等方面起着重要作用,其抑制突变的能力甚至高于莱菔硫烷[3-6]。

相对于莱菔硫烷而言,目前关于莱菔子素的提取和检测研究较少,提取工艺的优化也主要集中在对萃取条件和酶解时间、温度等条件方面的分析上[7-9]。……

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