王登化 尹小定 黄琼

摘 要：以某型防爆柴油机为例，对其进行加装废气处理水箱前后的外特性和十一工况对比试验，测出防爆柴油机输出扭矩、输出功率与十一工况下废气中主要成份CO、NOX及HC含量、排气温度与油耗率，从而得出废气处理水箱对防爆柴油机动力性、排放特性与经济性的影响。测试结果显示：加装废气处理水箱后，动力性有所降低，在最大扭矩处，输出扭矩和输出功率均下降2.3%；CO排放量在高负荷工况下有所增加，最大增幅为24.9%；NOX排放有很大的改善，最大排放降幅为19.5%；HC排放量变化不大；排气温度不高于60℃，降温效果显著；油耗率最大增加4.6%，经济性下降。

关键词：防爆柴油机；废气处理水箱；排放特性；动力性

中图分类号：U467 文献标识码：B 文章编号：1671-7988（2018）12-65-03

Abstract： Take a certain type of explosion-proof diesel engine as an example， The comparative test of the external characteristics and 11 working conditions before and after installing the waste gas treatment tank was carried out， The output torque， output power and CO， NOX and HC contents， exhaust temperature and fuel consumption of the main components of the exhaust gas under the condition of 11 were measured， Therefore， the influence of waste gas treatment tank on the dynamic performance， emission characteristics and economy of explosion-proof diesel engine is obtained. Test results show： After installing the waste gas treatment tank， the dynamic performance is reduced， and at the maximum torque， the output torque and output power are both decreased by 2.3%. CO emissions increased at high load conditions， with a maximum increase of 24.9%. NOX emissions have improved significantly， with a maximum emission reduction of 19.5%. HC emissions did not change much； Exhaust temperature is not higher than 60 ℃， the cooling effect is remarkable； The fuel consumption rate increased by 4.6% and the economy decreased.

Keywords： explosion-proof diesel engine； waste gas treatment tank； emission characteristics； dynamic

CLC NO.： U467 Document Code： B Article ID： 1671-7988（2018）12-65-03

引言

目前，煤礦辅助运输车辆在煤矿井下使用广泛，其动力主要是防爆柴油机，然而煤矿井下由于空间有限，通风条件差，路况复杂，故对防爆柴油机的动力性、排放特性及经济性均有一定的要求，时下，防爆柴油机一般在其排气系统中加装一废气处理水箱，布置在排气系统最后端，对其尾气起到净化和降温的目的。防爆柴油机的性能在加装废气处理水箱后会受到一定程度的影响，本研究以某型防爆柴油机为例，研究加装废气处理水箱后，对防爆柴油机动力性、排放特性及经济性的影响，为废气处理水箱的优化明确优化方向。

1 试验安排情况

现场试验情况如图1所示，试验中所使用的仪器如下表1。……