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超声波辅助提取苹果皮中类黄酮的研究

2018-09-18叶英香王茜姚芳汪婷婷杨贤松

安徽农学通报 2018年12期

叶英香 王茜 姚芳 汪婷婷 杨贤松

摘 要:以苹果为材料,乙醇溶液为溶剂,采用超声波辅助提取法提取苹果皮中类黄酮,考察超声温度、乙醇浓度、料液比、超声功率对苹果皮中类黄酮提取效果的影响,利用正交试验对类黄酮的提取工艺进行优化。结果表明:影响类黄酮提取效果的主次因素顺序为:超声功率>超声时间>乙醇浓度>料液比。最佳工艺条件为:超声时间40min,料液比1∶25(g/mL),乙醇浓度60%,超声功率350W。

关键词:苹果皮;类黄酮;提取工艺

中图分类号 O629.9;TQ914.1; TS202.3 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731(2018)12-0013-2

Study on the Extraction Technology of Flavonoids from Apple Peel Assisted with Ultrasonic Wave

Ye Yingxiang et al.

(Department of Biology and Food-engineering,Bengbu College,Bengbu 233030, China)

Abstract:In this paper,the extracting technology of flavonoids from apple peel assisted with ultrasonic wave was performed using ethanol as a solven.The effects of ultrasonic assisted temperature,ethanol concentration,solid-liquid ratio and ultrasonic assisted power on the extraction of flavonoids from apple peel were studied.The extraction conditions were optimized by orthogonal experiment.The results showed that the influencing order for extraction of flavonoids were as follows: ultrasonic assisted power>ultrasonic assisted time>concentration of ethanol the material-liquid ration.The optimum conditions for extraction of flavonoids were as follows: ethano1 concentration 60%,the ratio of solid to liquid 1∶25(g/mL),ultrasonic assisted power 350W and ultrasonic assisted time 40min.

Key words:Apple peel; Flavonoids; Extraction technology

蘋果中富含黄酮类、色素类、多酚类等多种具有药理作用的生物活性成分[1],具有抗菌、抗氧化、抗动脉硬化、防辐射、增强骨质,以及预防心血管疾病和肿瘤等功能,且对人体无毒害作用[2]。目前国内外研究者已从苹果皮中提取得到多酚、果胶和原花青素[3-5]等,而对苹果皮中提取黄酮类物质的研究报道仍较少。为此,笔者采用正交实验的方法研究了超声波辅助提取苹果果皮中类黄酮的最佳工艺,为苹果皮的综合利用提供理论和实践依据。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料与仪器 新鲜苹果皮(市售苹果,新鲜,无黑斑);芦丁,无水乙醇,亚硝酸钠,硝酸铝,氢氧化钠(均为分析纯)。KDC-160HR高速冷冻离心机、RE52CS旋转蒸发仪、7FA1604N电子天平、B220恒温水浴锅。JK-800DB型数超声波清洗器控、722S可见光分光光度计、101-型电热鼓风干燥箱。

1.2 试验方法

1.2.1 原材料处理 将苹果削皮,在太阳下将皮暴晒2d,再置于电热鼓风干燥箱中干燥,磨成粉末状,密封,置于干燥处,备用。

1.2……

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