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基于TaqMan实时荧光PCR检测鲜肉及加工肉制品中的驴源性成分

2018-08-14海小刘国强罗建兴郭梁

肉类研究 2018年4期
关键词:检测

海小 刘国强 罗建兴 郭梁

摘 要:根据出入境检验检疫行业标准SN/T 3730.4—2013《食品及饲料中常见畜类品种的鉴定方法 第4部分:驴成分检测 实时荧光PCR法》合成引物和探针,利用TaqMan实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)技术检测鲜肉及加工肉制品中的驴源性成分。首先对13 种不同动物鲜肉组织的DNA进行驴源性成分特异性检测,然后对驴源性DNA模板原液进行梯度稀释,检测方法灵敏度,最后在加工肉制品中检测方法的适用性。结果表明:本研究建立的方法特异性强,除驴肉外,牛、羊、猪、马、骆驼、鹿、狗、兔、鸡、鸭、鸽子、鹌鹑12 种动物鲜肉组织均无特异性扩增;方法的灵敏度较高,驴组分DNA的检出限可达100 fg/μL,灵敏度可达0.01%;方法的适用性较广,可以用于加工肉制品中驴源性成分的检测。

关键词:TaqMan实时荧光PCR技术;鲜肉及加工肉制品;驴源性成分;特异性;灵敏度

Abstract: In this study, we synthesized a set of primers and TaqMan probe according to the industry standard (SN/T 3730.4—2013) for the detection of donkey-derived ingredients in raw and processed meats by real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The specificity of the primers and probe were tested using DNA templates extracted from raw meats from donkey and 12 other animal species. Gradient dilutions of the donkey-derived DNA template were used to evaluate the sensitivity. The applicability of the PCR assay for processed meat was also investigated. The results showed that this PCR assay was highly specific and could specifically amplify DNA from donkey rather than cattle, sheep, pig, horse, camel, deer, dog, rabbit, chicken, duck, pigeon and quail. It was sensitive. The limit of detection for donkey DNA was 100 fg/μL and the sensitivity was 0.01%. This method was widely applicable and useful for the detection of donkey-derived ingredients in processed meat.

Keywords: TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction; raw and processed meats; donkey-derived ingredients; specificity; sensitivity

DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201804011

中图分类号:TS251.7 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2018)04-0062-06

肉类是人类膳食的重要组成部分,肉中富含蛋白质、矿物质、碳水化合物、脂肪和维生素等,这些成分对人类健康至关重要[1]。由于丰富的营养价值以及日益增长的生产量和消费量,肉类成为食品加工和流通领域中掺假事件的主要目标,一些不法商贩和企业在牛肉、羊肉、鹿肉等高价肉制品中掺杂鸡肉、鸭肉等低价原料肉,将低价肉或非肉成分经香精处理后冒充高价肉,这种“掺杂使假”行为对人类健康、消费者利益以及民族宗教等方面都有巨大威胁,甚至会损害国家形象[2]。还有一些商家为谋取利益隐瞒或更改说明书,甚至生产假冒伪劣产品[3]。……

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