浅谈HXN5B机车钣金件的制作质量控制
2018-06-08顾欢陈士恩
顾欢 陈士恩
【摘 要】钣金件是4mm以下的板材或型材通过成型、组装、焊接加工后的零、部件钢结构产品,广泛运用在各类机车和汽车等中。钣金件的质量直接影响机车整车的外观和运行质量。影响钣金件质量的因素涉及到材料、焊接、成型加工等多个方面,应从生产的全过程进行控制。本文以HXN5B型机车主发室顶盖为例,浅析冷作钣金工如何在生产过程中控制好薄板的各类零部件成型、组焊质量。
【关键词】钣金;焊接变形;火焰矫正;工装胎膜
中图分类号: TG44 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 2095-2457(2018)08-0159-002
Talking about the Production Quality Control of HXN5B Locomotive Sheet Metal Parts
GU Huan CHEN Shi-en
(CRRC Qishuyan Locomotive Co.,Ltd.Locomotive Manufacturing Company,Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000,China)
【Abstract】Sheet metal parts are sheet steel or profiles below 4mm. They are used in various types of locomotives, automobiles, etc. after they have been formed, assembled, and welded. The quality of sheet metal parts directly affects the appearance and running quality of locomotives. The factors affecting the quality of sheet metal parts involve materials, welding, forming and other aspects, and should be controlled from the whole process of production. This article takes the roof of the main engine room of the HXN5B locomotive as an example to analyze how the cold forming sheet metal workmanship controls the forming and welding quality of various parts of the sheet during the production process.
【Key words】Sheet metal; Welding distortion; Flame correction; Tooling film
0 引言
随着动车、高铁飞速发展,高速的行驶复兴号上可以立硬币,机车的不断提速,机车产品的质量越来越值得重视,提高钢结构钣金件的质量,解决钣金件焊接变形的问题,降低制造成本,提高生产效率,减轻劳动强度。本文中HXN5B机车主发室顶盖的质量直接影响机车的美观与运行安全。
1 HXN5B机车主发室顶盖老工艺方法的问题
(1)产品质量难以保证。HXN5B机车主发室顶盖蒙皮是由1.5mm的薄板拼接组焊而成的U字形结构,组装时难以控制盖面的角度以及盖口的尺寸;焊接时蒙皮拼接满焊后,焊接变形严重,焊接变形难以控制;矫正时蒙皮表面平面度差,没有平面基准火焰矫正是敲击力无法控制,造成蒙皮表面有明显的小疙瘩,影响整车外观质量。
(2)生产效率低。为保证盖面的角度、盖口尺寸、蒙皮平面度都需要花大量的工时矫正,2铆1焊的操作人员组、焊、调1天只能生产1只顶盖。
(3)批量多,影响主发室的生产节拍。……
