吴超君 刘宁宁 李琦

[摘要] 大肠癌是常见的恶性肿瘤之一，病机为正虚邪实。肾为先天之本，肾中精气充足则机体各方面生理活动正常，而久病耗损肾中精气，肾阳或肾阴不足会导致患者出现各类症状。研究发现肾中精气不足作为大肠癌发生发展的重要环节，影响了大肠癌的发病、预后及转归，因此补肾法在大肠癌的治疗中具有重要意义。本文探寻使用温补肾阳及滋补肾阴法治疗大肠癌的理论源流，归纳补肾法在临床实际运用中减轻消化道反应、缓解骨髓抑制、降低周围神经毒性、增强免疫力等作用，为从肾论治肿瘤提供依据。

[关键词] 补肾法；大肠癌；临床研究；综述

[中图分类号] R735 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2018）10（b）-0025-04

[Abstract] Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China， and its pathogenesis is asthenia of healthy qi and sthenia of pathogenic factors. As the birth of genius， plenty of kidney essence leads to normal physiology activity， but chronic illness will decrease kidney essence and the deficiency of kidney Yang or kidney Yin causes various kinds of symptoms. Researches have found that lacking of kidney essence is a key link for the progression to colorectal cancer， having impacts on the on-set， prognosis and outcomes of colorectal cancer. Thereby kidney-nourishing therapy is significant in the treatment of colorectal cancer. This article explores the theoretical origin of the treatment of colorectal cancer using warming kidney， nourishing kidney and concludes the therapeutic effect such as alleviating gastrointestinal reaction， peripheral neurotoxicity， and strengthening the immune system in clinical trials， to provide evidence for the therapy based on kidney in treating tumor.

[Key words] Kidney-nourishing therapy； Colorectal cancer； Clinical research； Review

近年來中医治疗大肠癌已成为诊疗常规的一部分[1]，大肠癌的中医治疗方法十分丰富，扶正祛邪是其基本大法，在扶正治法中补肾法是主要治法，李琦提出“肾虚脉络空虚，癌毒传舍”的大肠癌转移病机，认为肾精亏虚在大肠癌转移中起重要作用[2]。大肠癌的发生与肾密切相关，肾藏先天之精，为五脏六腑阴阳之本，故肾为先天之本，肾中精气不足导致机体阴阳失调，肾阳虚则温煦气化不利，肾阴虚则滋润濡养失常，癌毒入侵；同时大肠癌日久消耗及西医治疗的副作用也会使肾中精气衰退。大肠癌患者出现怕冷、腹泻，或潮热、腰膝酸软等症状，是肾中精气不足影响全身功能的体现。对于肾阴阳失调的病机，补肾法可改善大肠癌患者的症状，减轻西医治疗的副作用。……