焦慧敏++段伟红++吴玉杰

摘要：幼儿园科学领域园本课程开发及园本课程资源开发使用突显出本园的优势和特色，帮助幼儿园教师在科学领域的专业化发展，本研究主要采用文献法、问卷法、访谈法等。发现如下问题：（1）园长在园本课程及资源管理上缺乏民主性和科学性的管理机制，缺乏开发知识与能力，总体上开发目的性不强；（2）教师缺乏基本科学素养和基础知识，所实际采用的课程实施方法不符合幼儿身心发展特点；（3）家长的科学教育观念陈旧模糊，与幼儿园家园合作工作配合度不高。本研究针对现状提出五点建议：（1）促进多领域多学科的课程资源的整合；（2）加大对幼儿园人力资源和经济上的支持力度；（3）充分开发利用园内外课程资源；（4）注重开发主体多样化，鼓励多方参与到园本课程中；（5）在幼儿园科学领域园本课程资源的开发中，激励幼儿教师与专业人员自主研发，各方合力推动幼儿园园本课程的发展。

关键词：幼儿园；科学教育；园本课程；园本课程资源

A STUDY ON THE EXPLOITATION AND UTILIZATION OF KINDERGARTEN-BASED CURRICULUM RESOURCES OF SCIENCE FIELD

Jiao Huimin，Duan Weihong，Wu Yujie

（Xianyang Normal University，Xianyang 712000）

Abstract： Manifesting a kindergartens advantages and features， development of kindergarten-based curriculum （KBC） in scientific field and use of KBC resources contribute to development of teachers professionalization in scientific field. Documents， questionnaires as well as interviews are adopted by this paper to conduct the study， through which we find following problems： firstly， the development is generally aimless， for the lack of a democratic and scientific management in KBC and resources as well as insufficient knowledge and capacity. Secondly， teachers lack scientific literacy and basic knowledge. Therefore implementation of curriculum in practice dont comply with characteristics of kids physical and mental development. Thirdly， parents old and unclear idea for scientific education results in their unsatisfactory cooperation. Accordingly， this paper offers five proposals， in hope to improve the current situation. Firstly， promote the integration of multi-field and multidisciplinary resources. Secondly， reinforce support for kindergartens both in human resources and funds. Thirdly， make full use of curriculum resources inside and outside kindergartens. Fourthly， lay emphasis on varieties of participants， encourage multi-stakeholder participation in KBC development. And fifthly， motivate teachers and professionals to conduct independent research， combine efforts together to promote the KBC development.

Key words： Kindergarten； Science Education； Kindergarten-based Curriculum； Kindergarten-based Curriculum Resources.

一、研究園本课程及课程资源开发的意义

园本课程及园本课程资源开发的意义主要从理论和实践两个方面来谈。在理论层面上，第一，自20世纪90年代以来，我国的学前教育发展开始探索国家课程、地方课程和园本课程三级管理体制，园本课程的发展成为了幼儿园课程改革和实践的重要组成部分，园本课程资源的开发和使用直接关系着园本课程开发整体上的成败。……