郑小江??廖丽娟??李春晓??陈宇锋

[摘要] 目的 探讨骨髓细胞学检查运用于贫血患儿病因诊断中的临床意义。 方法 选择2014年1月～2016年7月我院确诊收治的126例贫血患儿进行骨髓细胞学检查，对126例贫血患儿骨髓细胞学检查资料做回顾性分析，统计确诊率和贫血类型。 结果 经过骨髓细胞学检查126例贫血患儿中，116例可确诊贫血病因，剩余10例不能确诊病因占9.52%，临床确诊率为90.47%。可确诊贫血病因的116例贫血患儿中缺铁性贫血患儿33例占26.19%，急性白血病患儿29例占23.02%、血小板减少性紫癜患儿和感染性贫血患儿均有13例，各占10.31%，这四种病症发生率比较高。其余慢性粒细胞性白血病8例占6.35%，再生障碍性贫血5例占3.97%、巨幼红细胞性贫血4例占3.17%、骨髓增生异常综合征4例占3.17%、溶血性贫血3例占2.38%、多发性骨髓瘤2例占1.59%。 结论 骨髓细胞学检查运用于贫血患儿诊断中对于诊断贫血、确定贫血病因方面具有积极意义，能为临床治疗提供重要依据，具有较高的临床应用价值。

[关键词] 小儿贫血；骨髓细胞学；病因诊断；临床意义

[中图分类号] R725.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-0616（2017）12-57-03

Clinical significance of bone marrow cytology in the diagnosis of children with anemia causes

ZHENG Xiaojiang LIAO Lijuan LI Chunxiao CHEN Yufeng

Clinical Laboratory，Maoming People's Hospital，Maoming 525000，China

[Abstract] Objective To study the clinical significance of bone marrow cytology in the diagnosis of children with anemia causes. Methods From January 2014 to July 2014，126 cases of children with anemia for diagnosis of bone marrow cytology examination in our hospital were selected.The data of bone marrow cytology in 126 children with anemia were analyzed retrospectively.The diagnosis rate and the type of anemia were count up. Results After bone marrow cytologic examination of 126 cases of children with anemia，116 cases to diagnose anemia causes，remaining undiagnosed etiology of 10 cases（9.52%），the clinical diagnosis rate was 90.47%.Diagnose anemia causes of 116 cases of children with iron deficiency anemia in children with anemia，33 cases （26.19%），acute leukemia children with 29 cases（23.02%），thrombocytopenic purpura children and children with infectious anemia were 13 cases（10.31%），the four kinds of disease incidence was higher.The rest 8 cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia（6.35%），aplastic anemia，5 cases （3.97%），the giant young red blood cell anemia，4 cases（3.17%），myelodysplastic syndrome，4 cases （3.17%），hemolytic anemia，3 cases （2.38%），multiple myeloma，2 cases（1.59%）. Conclusion Bone marrow cytology in children with anemia in diagnosis for the diagnosis of anemia has positive significance to identify causes.It provides important basis for clinical treatment.It has high clinical value.

[Key words] Children with anemia；Bone marrow cytology；Etiology diagnosis；Clinical significance

作為常见的血液系统疾病之一，贫血是指由病理情况引起的血红蛋白降低[1]。贫血也是儿童常见的一种疾病。贫血患儿循环血液中单位体积的红细胞数量、血红蛋白浓度以及红细胞容积与正常儿童相比，均有所降低[2]。引发儿童贫血的因素有很多，常见的有缺铁性贫血、遗传性血红蛋白病、慢性感染、机体免疫力缺陷、造血干细胞受损等原因[3]。……