郭恒亮+刘如意+赫晓慧+田智慧

摘要：结合生态环境状况指数和修正后的“压力-状态-响应”（PSR）模型，从环境质量状况以及生态安全两个角度分析出发，分别考虑自然影响以及自然、经济、社会三者的协同作用，构建了适用于描述南水北调中线主干渠沿线地区生态环境状况的综合评价指标体系。研究结果表明：评价期内环境质量状况评价等级中，只有鲁山县处于“良”，安阳市“较差”，其他县区均为“一般”；生态安全评价方面，只有淅川县处于较安全状态，其他处于预警和中度预警状态，占研究区总面积的97.54%，中度预警占16.28%。总的来看，2014年研究区生态环境质量整体水平一般，综合生态安全形势不容乐观，需要政府部门加大对主干渠沿线输水地段人类活动的监管力度。

关键词：PSR模型；南水北调中线地区；生态环境

中图分类号：XB21 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-1683（2017）04-0065-06

Abstract：Based on the ecological index and modified press-state-response model and beginning with environmental quality and ecological security，this paper has successfully constructed the synthetic evaluation index system which can be used to evaluate the eco-environmental situation in areas along the main canal of Middle Route of South to North Transfer Project after respectively considering the natural influence and the combined influence of nature，economy and society.The results indicated that in the assessment of environmental quality levels during the entire evaluation，only the Lushan County was "better" and Anyang City was "worse" with others in the ordinary levels.Besides，in the ecological security Assessment，Xichuan County was the only one in relatively secure state while 97.54 percent of all the study area was in the early or moderate warning states with the moderate warning areas accounting for 16.28%.As a whole，eco-environment quality in 2004 was generally in an ordinary level，and ecological security situation was worrying，so the government should improve supervision to limit human activities in the study area.

Key words：PSR model；Middle Route of SNWTP；ecological environment

生態环境是一个自然-社会-经济的复合系统，同时，生态环境又是社会经济可持续发展的核心和基础，对其质量评价能较好的反映区域社会经济可持续发展的能力以及社会生产和人居环境稳定可协调的程度。南水北调中线主干渠是缓解黄淮海平原水资源严重短缺、优化配置水资源的重大战略性基础设施中的重要一环，其沿线区域生态环境的好坏对沿线输水安全具有重大的影响[1]。

如今区域生态环境评估研究往往以定量评价为主。定量评价属于综合评价，往往采用一定的公式和模型进行描述 [2]。……