KCl部分替代NaCl对低钠盐肉脯质量的影响
2017-07-06陈佳新逄晓云夏秀芳孔保华
陈佳新 逄晓云 夏秀芳 孔保华
摘 要:KCl与NaCl由同族元素组成,且与NaCl有相同的离子价态及相似的化学性质,因此KCl常作为NaCl替代物用于低钠盐食品的加工。本研究在肉脯生产过程中以KCl部分替代NaCl,通过测定产品的出品率、水分含量、水分活度、剪切力和色差值,并采用低场核磁共振(low-field nuclear magnetic resonance,LF-NMR)技术检测肉脯中水分的弛豫时间(T2)和分布情况,研究KCl部分替代NaCl对于产品质量的影响。结果表明:随着KCl替代比例的增加,产品的出品率和水分含量显著降低(P<0.05),剪切力显著增加(P<0.05),水分活度、红度值(a*)和亮度值(L*)差异不显著(P>0.05);产品水分的T21、T22弛豫时间均显著增加(P<0.05),表明水分的移动性增强,肉脯的保水能力下降。低钠盐肉脯中,KCl的替代比例在20%~30%之间较为合适,此时产品具有较高的品质和感官可接受性。
关键词:KCl;NaCl;低钠盐肉脯;质量
Abstract: Potassium chloride (KCl) and sodium chloride (NaCl) contain ions of the same valence and possess similar physicochemical properties, and so KCl is often used to replace NaCl in low-sodium foods. In this study, we investigated the effect of partial replacement of NaCl by KCl in pork jerky on the product yield, water content, shearing force, water activity and color. Meanwhile, the distribution of transverse relaxation time (T2) in the tested samples was examined by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR). The results showed that with increasing proportion of NaCl replacement by KCl, the product yield and water content significantly declined (P < 0.05), and shearing force significantly increased (P < 0.05), but water activity, color parameters redness (a*) and lightness (L*) did not change significantly (P > 0.05). In addition, the transverse relaxation time constants T21 and T22 significantly increased (P < 0.05), indicating enhanced water mobility and reduced water holding capacity of pork jerky. KCl was suitable to replace 20%–30% NaCl in low-sodium pork jerky, resulting in higher sensory quality and acceptability.
Key words: potassium chloride; sodium chloride; low-sodium pork jerky; quality
DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201706005
中图分类号:TS251.6 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2017)06-0024-05
引文格式:
陈佳新, 逄晓云, 夏秀芳, 等. KCl部分替代NaCl对低钠盐肉脯质量的影响[J]. 肉类研究, 2017, 31(6): 24-28. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201706005. http://www.rlyj.pub
CHEN Jiaxin, PANG Xiaoyun, XIA Xiufang, et al. Effect of NaCl partly replaced by kcl on the quality of low-sodium pork jerky[J]. Meat Research, 2017, 31(6): 24-28. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-201706005. http://www.rlyj.pub
肉脯作为休闲食品受到消费者的广泛喜爱。目前,市售肉脯主要有2 种加工方式,最常见的是以整片瘦肉为原料,经调味、腌制、摊晒、烘干和烤制等工艺制成,这种肉脯水分含量較低、质地较硬且生产成本较高[1];另一种是以肉糜为原料,经斩拌、腌制、抹片、烘干和烤制等工艺制成,这是一种新兴的加工方式,它对原料的完整性没有要求,可以有效利用碎肉进行生产,从而大大降低肉脯的生产成本。食盐是肉脯生产中最重要的调味品,它不仅起到呈味和防腐作用,还会影响肉制品中的一些生物化学反应,如蛋白质水解和脂质氧化,而这些变化又与肉制品的质构和风味有着密切的关系[2-3],因此为保证产品能在较长时间内不腐败变质以及甜、咸滋味的协调,在肉脯中添加食盐必不可少[4-6]。……
