章敏+金方伦

摘 要：為了摸清影响樱桃开花习性的内在因素及机理，并为提高栽培管理水平提供理论依据，连续3年（2013—2015年）对樱桃结果母枝长度与开花习性的相关性进行调查研究。（1）相关系数分析结果显示：樱桃结果母枝长度与总芽量、萌芽量、叶芽量、总花芽量和总花量等指标之间呈高度正相关，与2朵花芽量、3朵花芽量、4朵花芽量、2朵花量、3朵花量和4朵花量等指标之间呈显著正相关，与萌芽率之间呈正相关。（2）对结果母枝长度与总芽量、萌芽量、叶芽量、萌芽率、2朵花芽量、3朵花芽量、4朵花芽量、总花芽量、2朵花量、3朵花量、4朵花量和总花量等指标作回归分析，发现结果母枝长度与萌芽率之间存在差异极显著，与2朵花芽量和2朵花量等指标之间存在差异显著，与其他指标之间存在差异不显著；樱桃结果母枝长度与总芽量、总花芽量和总花量等指标之间形成的回归方程的（R）都符合二次曲线回归方程。研究认为：（1）可以把樱桃结果母枝长度作为衡量花芽量和花量等的特征之一；（2）可以通过调查樱桃结果母枝长度和回归方程来预测各类花芽量和各类花量等指标。

关键词：樱桃；结果母枝；长度；开花习性；相关性

中图分类号：S662.5 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2017.06.018

Abstract： In order to investigate the internal factors influencing the cherry flowering habit and its mechanism， and to provide theoretical basis to improve the management level of cultivation， the relationship between the cherry mother branch length and flowering habit was studied from 2013 to 2015. （1） The results of correlation analysis showed that there was highly positive correlation between the cherry results female branch length and the total amount of bud， bud， leaf bud amount， total amount of flower bud and total amount， and there is significantly positive correlation between， such as flower bud with 2 measure， 3 flower bud， four flower bud amount， 2， 3 flower market flower measuring and four flower quantity index， and positive correlation between germination rate.（2） The results of regression analysis （the results female branch length and the total amount of bud， bud， leaf bud， flower bud germination rate and 2 measure， 3 flower bud， four flower bud amount， total amount of flower bud， 2 measure， 3 flower， four flower quantity and total amount indicators） showed that there was extremely significant difference between the result mother branch length and germination rate， a significant difference between the flower bud and 2 flowers such as indicators， no significant difference between the amount and other indicators. The R of regression equation of the results， cherry results branch length and the total amount of bud， total amount of flower bud and total amount indicators were in line with the conic regression equation. It is concluded that the cherry result mother branch length could be used as one of the characteristics to measure the quality of the flower bud as well as the flower， and by investigating the cherry results female branch length and the regression equation various indiced such as flower buds as well as the all kinds of flowers could be predicted.

Key words： cherry；fruit shoot；length；flowering habit；correlation

樱桃（Cerasus prunus spp.） ，隶属蔷薇科（Rosaceae）李属（Prunoideae）。目前，世界上栽培较普遍的樱桃种类有欧洲甜樱桃（Cerasus avium）、欧洲酸樱桃（Cerasus ceraus L.）、中国樱桃（Cerasus pseudocerasus）、毛樱桃（Cerasus tomentosa）等。甜樱桃（Prunus avium L）是蔷薇科李属樱桃亚属植物，原产于欧洲及亚洲西部，主要分布在北半球温带地区，是集生态效益、经济效益和社会效益于一身的落叶果树树种之一。……