何静

摘 要 一个作家创作的文学作品，往往都是作家思想意识外化的结果，也即作家思想外现的流露。 总之这些文学作品表现的或先进或落后都能闪现作家思想最真实的光辉。《人生》和《平凡的世界》作为两部具有典型意义的作品，在一定程度上体现其思想性，其作品里相关艺术描写也一定程度上浸润着作家自己的人生看法和审美选择，我们可以从这些层面来探析路遥的内心世界。透过小说可以对作家路遥本人进行较全的扫描，从人生观，生活观，道德观，爱情观四个方面分析后发现，路遥的思想文化，传承的是中华传统文化的正宗——儒家文化，他继承了传统文化的精华并结合现实加以诠释，带给了读者文学感受的同时还指出了前进方向，这是其思想先进性的一面。但同时也不小心吸收了传统残留下的尘垢，自以为是地赋予人物不合实际的性格特征，这是其思想局限性的一面。

关键词 人生观 生活观 道德观 爱情观

中图分类号：I207.42 文献标识码：A DOI：10.16400/j.cnki.kjdkz.2017.04.070

Abstract A writer's literary works are often the result of the externalization of the writer's ideology， which is the revelation of the writer's thought. In short， the performance of these literary works， or advanced or backward can flash the most brilliant writer thought. "Life" and "ordinary world" as two typical works， reflects its ideology to a certain extent， the work described in the relevant art but also to a certain extent and infiltrating aesthetic choice of writer's life view， we can from the level of his inner world. Through the novel of writer Lu Yao himself over the entire scan， from the view of life， view of life， morality， love view analysis four aspects that his ideological and cultural heritage， traditional Chinese culture is the authentic Confucian culture， he inherited the traditional culture essence and the reality of interpretation to at the same time， the readers of literary feelings also pointed out the direction， which is of its positive thoughts. But at the same time， accidentally absorbed the traditional residual dirt， character opinionated endowed characters unrealistic， this is the side of its ideological limitations.

Key words outlook on life； view of life； morality； view of love

0 引言

因為两部作品，路遥成为伟大的作家而被大家所熟悉，一部《人生》，“描写了一场极其复杂、令人思绪纷纭的人生悲剧，但在复杂的悲剧表象下隐约透出了生活的某种确定性”，①《人生》一经发表就成为了文艺界乃至整个社会关注的焦点，它里面所反映的问题正是那个时代最突出的问题。因此有人说“路遥是一位 ‘用生命歌唱因而值得人们尊敬的”②真正意义上的作家。

正因为这两部作品对路遥的意义如此重大，我们可以通过这两部作品的分析，来对作家路遥本人进行较全面的扫描，从人生观、生活观、道德观到爱情观。……