宋钊 张白鸽 李颖 徐小万 曹健

摘 要 辣椒是我国种植面积和产值最大的蔬菜作物之一，研究辣椒应对非生物胁迫的能力一直是科学热点。由于近些年灾害性天气频发，对辣椒品种应对非生物胁迫能力提出了更高的要求，但是目前还没有一个从形态学筛选高耐涝渍辣椒的标准。本研究通过目测的方法观察涝渍胁迫下辣椒植株的形态变化，从辣椒受到涝渍胁迫后的植株死亡率、叶片颜色、茎基部淹水处的颜色与形态4个方面建立辣椒耐涝性鉴定评价体系，并通过这个鉴定体系筛选到1个高耐涝品种和2个涝渍敏感品种，证实了这个评价体系有效、可行。

关键词 辣椒；形态学；耐涝性；评价体系

中图分类号 S641.3 文献标识码 A

Establishment Morphological Evaluation System of Waterlogging Tolerance and Its Application in Capsicum annuum

SONG Zhao， ZHANG Baige， LI Ying， XU Xiaowan， CAO Jian*

Vegetable Research Institute， Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Guangdong Key Lab for

New Technology Research of Vegetables， Guangzhou， Guangdong 510640， China

Abstract Pepper（Capsicum spp.）is one of the largest cultivated vegetable crops in China. It is always a hot topic to study its tolerance to abiotic stress. In recent years， disastrous weather is frequent， so pepper varieties with much higher tolerance to non-biological stress is required， but there is currently no standard for screening pepper varieties with tolerance to waterlogging based on morphology. In this paper， the morphological changes of pepper plants under waterlogging stress were observed by visual observation. We established the evaluation system of waterlogging tolerance in pepper based on plant mortality， leaf color， color and morphology of the shoots near the water. And screened a pepper variety with high tolerance to waterlogging and two varieties sensitive to waterlogging through this evaluation system， which confirmed that the evaluation system is feasible.

Key words Capsicum spp.； morphology； waterlogging tolerance； evaluation system

doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2017.10.008

辣椒（Capsicum spp.）是我国种植面积和产值最大的蔬菜作物之一[1]。为满足辣椒生产，培育一个果形靓、抗性强、产量高、广适应的辣椒品种一直是广大科研工作者的首选育种目标，而近些年自然灾害性天气频发，对辣椒品种的抗逆性尤其是应对非生物胁迫能力提出了更高的要求。在非生物胁迫下，植物会从生长发育、形态结构、生理生化、活性氧代谢、信号转导及基因表达调控等多个层次做出响应[2]，众多研究者已经对辣椒受到低温胁迫[3-5]、高温胁迫[6-9]、盐胁迫[10-11]和水分胁迫等非生物脅迫时的生理生化反应及分子机制进行了研究。水分胁迫包括干旱胁迫和涝渍胁迫，目前研究主要关注于干旱胁迫对辣椒生理生化机制[12-15]、可塑性……