袁守利+许烁

摘要：为了解决喷杆喷雾机机架因安全裕度过大而引起质量过重的问题，利用Optistruct软件的尺寸优化模块进行轻量化设计。利用CATIA和Hypermesh软件建立整机有限元模型，通过机架的自由模态分析结果与试验结果的对比，验证了机架模型的准确性并分析了机架的振动频率。在有限元软件中对机架系统进行了静态分析，计算了机架系统在工作情况下的应力分布和变形。结合实际情况，采用离散的设计变量，以安全系数为1.3时材料的最大许用应力和变形量为约束条件，对机架进行轻量化设计。结果显示，经过尺寸优化后，机架在满足强度和刚度的情况下，其质量减少了58.1%，达到了轻量化的目的。

关键词：喷杆喷雾机；有限元；结构优化；轻量化

中图分类号：S493+.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）07-1359-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.07.041

Lightweight Design of Frame for 3WPZ-500 Self-Propelled Boom Sprayer

YUAN Shou-li，XU Shuo

（School of Automotive Engineering，Wuhan University of Technology，Wuhan 430070，China）

Abstract： To solve boom sprayer frame overweight problems due to the large safety factor， it use Optistruct size optimization software module to lightweight design. The use of CATIA software and Hypermesh software， the finite element model of the boom sprayer is established. By comparing the frame free modal analysis and experimental results verified the accuracy of the rack model and analyze the frequency of vibration of the frame. In the finite element software， static analysis of the racks， rack systems calculate the stress distribution and deformation under operating conditions. In the finite element software， the frame is static analysis and obtain in the frame work of the stress distribution and deformation. Combined with the actual situation， the use of discrete design variables，with constraints being the maximum allowable material stress when the safety factor of 1.3 and the maximum amount of deformation，the frame are lightweight design. The results show that the size of the rack after optimization， in the case of the frame meeting the strength and stiffness， the frame mass reduction of 58.1%， reaching the purpose of lightweight.

Key words： boom sprayer； finite element； structural optimization； lightweight

噴雾机在水田工作时，为了避免车轮出现打滑和下陷的情况，整机重量需要越小越好，而机架占了整机较大部分质量，同时承担着发动机、驾驶室和药箱的重量，而且还承受整机行驶过程中所产生的各种力和力矩[1]。随着经济的发展，传统的喷雾机已满足不了现在人们对舒适度和安全性的要求，设计出新一代喷杆喷雾机是比较紧迫的任务[2]。目前，对小型全液压驱动水旱田两用的喷杆喷雾机的研究工作多处于设计和试验阶段，在尺寸优化方面鲜见报道。本研究采用全液压驱动新型喷杆喷雾机，能适应水旱田两种情况，并采用整机模型对机架进行有限元……