基于模态应力恢复的轿车发动机舱盖焊点疲劳寿命分析
2017-03-21梁厅吴泽勋孟凡亮张林波
梁厅++吴泽勋++孟凡亮++张林波



摘要: 建立汽车发动机舱盖焊点有限元模型,并将分析结果与试验模态对比,验证该有限元模型的准确性.分别采用准静态法和模态应力恢复法得到焊点的应力时间历程;基于PalmgrenMiner线性损伤累积准则和SN曲线对比评估焊点疲劳寿命,并在模态应力恢复方法中考虑截止频率和结构阻尼对焊点疲劳寿命的影响.与虚拟台架试验的对比结果表明:准静态预测的焊点寿命大于试验寿命,截止频率为200 Hz且结构阻尼为0.06的模态应力恢复结果与试验结果较吻合.基于模态应力恢复法优化设计的发动机舱盖通过耐久路试.
关键词: 汽车; 舱盖; 模态应力恢复; 焊点; 疲劳寿命; 准静态
中图分类号: U463.84; TB115.1文献标志码: B
Fatigue life analysis on spot welds in automotive hood
based on modal stress recovery
LIANG Ting, WU Zexun, MENG Fanliang, ZHANG Linbo
(Chery Automobile Co. Ltd., Wuhu 241009, Anhui, China)
Abstract: The finite element model of spot welds on automotive hood is built and analyzed. The comparison of the analysis results with the test mode results indicates that the finite element model is valid. The quasistatic and modal stress recovery methods are used to obtain the time history of stress. The fatigue life estimation of spot welds is implemented based on PalmgrenMiner linear damage accumulation rule and SN curve, and the effect of cutoff frequency and structural damping on the fatigue life of spot welds is considered in modal stress recovery method. The comparison with the virtual rig test results indicate that the fatigue life obtained by quasistatic method is larger than that of test, and the modal stress recovery result is consistent with the test result while the structural damping is 0.06 and the cutoff frequency is 200 Hz. The optimized hood passed the durability road test.
Key words: automobile; hood; modal stress recovery; spot weld; fatigue life; quasistatic
收稿日期: 2017[KG*9〗01[KG*9〗06修回日期: 2017[KG*9〗02[KG*9〗08
作者簡介: 梁厅(1986—),男,江苏徐州人,硕士,研究方向为汽车疲劳强度仿真,(Email)liangting_hrbust@126.com0引言
发动机舱盖是轿车的重要总成之一,钣金一般采用电阻点焊进行永久性连接.据统计,发动机舱盖一般有30~50个电阻点焊.发动机舱盖不仅对轿车外观、NVH、风阻、动力等性能有影响,甚至在车与行人碰撞时,对行人头部伤害值也有显著的影响.[1]在轿车行驶过程中,发动机舱盖受到来自地面和发动机的各个方向随机、复杂的动态激励,有可能引起动态疲劳失效问题.同时,焊点在焊接过程中会产生残余应力、引起组织改变,是天然的裂纹,所以发动机舱盖焊点容易产生疲劳失效.焊点的疲劳失效会引起发动机舱盖的耐久性及其……
