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基于近场动力学方法的水力压裂过程数值模拟

2017-03-21吴凡李书卉段庆林李锡夔张

计算机辅助工程 2017年1期

吴凡++李书卉++段庆林++李锡夔++张洪武

摘要: 利用近场动力学方法便于处理多裂纹萌生、扩展和分叉的优点,将其应用于页岩水力压裂过程的数值模拟.结合页岩水力压裂机理提出在近场动力学中由破坏度跟踪裂纹扩展路径,并通过在新生成裂纹面法线方向施加水压载荷的裂纹追踪方法,成功模拟单射孔横剖面开裂水压实验以及单射孔和多射孔水平井纵剖面的水力压裂过程,得到压裂导致的裂纹缝网结构.数值结果还表明初始射孔裂纹会显著影响后续的水力压裂过程.

关键词: 页岩气开采; 水力压裂; 近场动力学; 裂纹扩展; 多裂纹; 裂纹追踪

中图分类号: TE357.1文献标志码: B

Numerical simulation of hydraulic fracturing process

based on peridynamics method

WU Fan1, LI Shuhui1, DUAN Qinglin1, LI Xikui1, ZHANG Hongwu1

(State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment,

Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China)

Abstract: Due to the advantages of peridynamics method in dealing with the initiation, propagation and branching of multiple cracks, it is introduced into the numerical simulation on the hydraulic facture process of shale. Combining with the hydraulic fracture mechanism, a method for tracing crack path according to damage degree in peridynamics is proposed in which the hydraulic pressure is applied in the normal direction of the newly generated crack surface. The cracking pressure of single horizontal well in cross section and the hydraulic fracture of the horizontal well with single and multiple perforations in longitudinal section are successfully simulated by the method. The crack net due to fracturing is obtained. The numerical results also show that the initial perforations have significant effect in the subsequent hydraulic fracture process.

Key words: shale gas extraction; hydraulic fracture; peridynamics; crack propagation; multiple cracks; crack tracking

收稿日期: 2016[KG*9〗09[KG*9〗27修回日期: 2016[KG*9〗11[KG*9〗23

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(11232003,11372066);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(DUT15LK07);

遼宁省教育厅重点实验室基础研究项目(LZ2014002)

作者简介: 吴凡(1992—),男,吉林辽源人,博士研究生,研究方向为近场动力学,(Email)251386704@qq.com

通信作者: 李书卉(1979—),女,辽宁沈阳人,博士,工程师,研究方向为材料破坏分析与实验、并行计算技术等,(Email)shuhuili@dlut.edu.cn0引言

页岩气是蕴含在地下深处页岩层区域有机质泥页岩内的气体,是以吸附和游离状态为主的非常规天然气资源.美国对页岩气的开采已有80多年的历史.我国页岩气储量位居世界第一,但开采起步相对较晚.[13]高效的页岩气开采技术对保证能源安全具有重要意义.国家“十二五”和“十三五”规划均对页岩气开采产业进行强有力扶持.

由于页岩埋藏深、质地硬,页岩……

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