考虑质押物耗损的仓单质押融资决策研究
2017-03-13王志宏陈晓晴
王志宏 陈晓晴
摘 要:当前一些中小企业不能通过传统途径很好地解决融资难题,仓单质押作为一种创新融资服务得到迅速发展。实际操作中,一些存货由于存在一定耗损率不能当作质押物,或者获得的贷款额度较少。文章在仓单质押模型基础上,首先分析耗损率、借款企业主体违约率、物流企业监管努力对银行最优质押率决策的影响,然后研究银行如何激励物流企业提供最优的监管努力。研究表明,物流企业提高监管努力水平有助于银行获得更多利润,银行对物流企业的激励决策与借款企业主体违约概率无关。
关键词:仓单质押;耗损率;质押率;激励
中图分类号:F275.6 文献标识码:A
Abstract: At present, some small enterprises can't solve the financing problem well by traditional way. Stock document mortgage has been developing rapidly as an innovative financing service. In practice, some inventory can't be used as collateral because of deterioration. Based on the model of stock document mortgage, firstly, this paper analyzes the influence of the deterioration, rate of borrower's paying off loans and the supervision of the logistics enterprise, and then the paper studies how the bank encourage the logistics enterprises to provide the best supervision. The result shows that the logistics enterprises can make more efforts on supervision to help banks get more profits, the bank's incentives is irrelevant to rate of borrower's paying off loans.
Key words: stock document mortgage; deterioration rate; loan-to-value ratio; incentives
0 引 言
中小企業已成为推动我国经济发展和社会和谐的重要力量,但其融资问题已经制约了其发展,在此背景下,仓单质押近年发展迅速。仓单质押融资是指借款企业将存货质押在银行指定的物流公司,物流企业评估质押物信息,开具仓单给银行,银行依据仓单为借款企业提供贷款服务的业务。质押率是仓单质押业务中银行的决策指标,也是银行控制风险的重要指标。
现有一些关于质押率研究的文献,Buzacott和Zhang [1]首次将物流和资金流的研究进行整合,将基于资产的融资和生产库存决策结合在一起,建立了需求不确定条件下银行和零售商之间的主从对策。Xu和Birge[2]在需求不确定的情况下,研究在资金约束的供应链中制造商如何进行产量和融资的联合决策。……
