甘肃秦安“诸邑子石铭”考析
2016-12-03张铭魏文斌
张铭 魏文斌



内容摘要:秦安新发现一通“诸邑子石铭”,通过与秦州地区有纪年造像碑的比较,判定其应开凿于北周保定至建德三年间(561—574)。该碑为邑社造像碑,反映了这一地区的邑社组织情况,权、吕、仵等姓氏反映出北周时期该地区多民族杂居的特点,“邑头”一词为佛社研究提供了新材料。同时对相关造像碑的碑文也重新进行了校对。
关键词:秦安;诸邑子石铭;北周
中图分类号:K879.3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-4106(2016)05-0052-11
Abstract: A stele newly found in Qinan, Gansu Province, which is named“Zhuyizi shiming,”was presumably made in the Northern Zhou dynasty between the Baoding era and the third year of the Jiande era (561—574). As it was constructed by various members of the community working in unison, research of this site provides valuable information about the organization of the community. The recording of different surnames, including Quan, Lü and Wu, reflect that various peoples lived together in the villages of the Northern Zhou. A word from the steles inscription,“head of the community,”has given new direction for studying Buddhist communities-this paper attempts to correlate inscriptions from relevant Buddhist steles with this new term.
Keywords: Qinan; community-made stele; Northern Zhou
甘肃省天水市秦安县中山乡吊坪村的关帝堡新发现一通石造像碑,通过与天水地区(秦州)西魏和北周时期的五通石造像碑相比较,初步认定该造像碑为北周保定至建德年间的作品,如有谬误,还请方家指正。
一 新发现造像碑的概况
该碑现立于关帝堡寺庙门前,该庙新建于旧堡遗址上,前方正对牟家沟。碑存碑额和碑身,碑身下半部分已残损,材质为砂岩。残高74厘米,厚12厘米,碑额宽51厘米,高44厘米,碑身宽41厘米,碑身残高30厘米。碑额呈圆拱形,上雕蟠龙四条,身体交错,头部向下,龙鳞斑驳,牙齿锋利(图1-1、1-2)。
碑阳:碑额正中凿一外沿呈竖长方形、里沿呈圆拱形的浅龛,雕出龛尖,内刻一身思维菩萨。菩萨头向左侧倾斜,戴高冠,右手抚左脚,结半跏思维坐,跣足坐于略呈圆柱形的台座上,身着宽袍大袖的通肩衣饰,衣纹刻画简练,刻痕较深,显得质地厚重。碑身上部凿出一横长方形浅龛,在其中间又凿一圆拱形龛,内有一佛二弟子。佛高肉髻,面部损毁,但圆润之型可辨,双手结禅定印,结跏趺坐于方形台座上,衣摆呈圆弧形下垂至龛底。……
