油茶子的超临界萃取及其萃取物的组分分析
2016-10-14崔朋方红霞吴有娣韩信刘良欢
崔朋 方红霞 吴有娣 韩信 刘良欢



摘要[目的]探索分析油茶子萃取物的组分。[方法]以油茶子为原料,采用超临界CO2萃取法对油茶子进行萃取,并采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)和气相色谱-质谱联用(GCMS)分析萃取物的组分。[结果]油茶子的超临界CO2萃取产率几乎不受温度的影响,与萃取压力呈正相关,在同等条件下压力越大,产率越高。从HPLC和GCMS图谱分析,不同方法萃取的油茶子的化学组分没有明显的区别。[结论]通过对油茶子的超临界萃取物进行测试,为油茶子中有效成分的提取分离提供参考。
关键词 油茶子;超临界;高效液相色谱;气质联用
中图分类号 S789.7 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2016)09-145-02
Abstract[Objective]To explore the main components of oiltea camellia seeds.[Method]With oiltea camellia seeds as the raw materials, CO2 supercritical extraction was carried out.The components of extracts were analyzed by HPLC and GCMS.[Result]The extraction yield was not affected by temperature, but had positive correlation with extraction pressure.Under the same conditions, the extraction yield enhanced with the increase of extraction pressure.Analysis of HPLC and GCMS spectra showed that there were no obvious differences in the chemical components of oiltea camellia seeds by different methods.[Conclusion]Supercritical extraction of oiltea camellia seeds provides references for the extraction and isolation of effective components in oiltea camellia seeds.
Key words Oiltea camellia seeds; Supercritical; HPLC; GCMS
油茶子油是從山茶科油茶树的种子中获得,该植物油是我国特有的木本类植物油资源。相关研究表明,油茶子油是一种优质的食用油,富含各种不饱和脂肪酸,被誉为“东方橄榄油”[1-2]。
压榨和化学浸出法是提取植物油脂常用的方法,出油率低和存在溶剂污染限制着上述两种方法的进一步开发。超临界萃取技术是近年备受青睐的一种新型提取分离技术,广泛应用于天然产物的提取分离[3-4]。目前超临界萃取主要采用CO2流体做溶剂,CO2的超临界条件温和,且容易渗透到被萃取的原料基体中达到萃取分离的效果[5-7],萃取的过程中不接触任何有机溶剂,因此萃取物中无有毒溶剂物质残留,杜绝了提取过程中产生对人体有毒的物质,亦不会造成环境污染,从而保证了100%的纯天然。国产超临界CO2萃取设备的精度多为工业级别,萃取釜体积通常为数升,手动操作阀门较多,操作繁琐。……
