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不同陆面过程参数化方案模拟效果评估

2016-10-14谢菲何宏让张云

安徽农业科学 2016年9期

谢菲 何宏让 张云

摘要[目的]模擬南京及其周边一次区域雾天气过程变化过程。[方法]利用2013年12月6日NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料为初始场,采用WRF模式对陆面过程参数化方案进行了敏感性数值试验,利用相关系数、平均偏差、平均绝对偏差、观测值的标准偏差、模拟值的标准偏差等对各参数化方案下的物理量的模拟效果进行评估,并与南京站的地面常规观测资料进行对比。[结果]不同陆面过程参数化方案对大雾天气过程的模拟结果是敏感的,不同的参数化方案模拟的地面温湿风存在较大差异,其中SLAB方案模拟结果可信度最高,偏差范围最小,且各变量的偏差均呈现正态分布状态。[结论]此次大雾过程中相对湿度、温度露点差、地面温度等变量的模拟效果较好,可将其作为判别指标,为后期提高雾过程预报准确率提供依据。

关键词 区域雾;数值模拟;效果评估;陆面方案

中图分类号 S16 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2016)09-210-06

Abstract[Objective]To simulate the process of fog weather in Nanjing and its surrounding area.[Method]With NCEP 1°×1°reanalysis data on December 6, 2013 as the initial field, sensitive numerical experiment on parameterization schemes of land process was carried out by WRF mode. Simulation effects of physical quantity in parameterization schemes was evaluated by using the correlation coefficient, mean deviation, mean absolute deviation, standard deviation of observed value, standard deviation of simulated value. The results were compared with the ground routine observation data in Nanjing Station.[Result]Simulation results of fog weather were found to be the most sensitive by different parameterization schemes of land process. Surface moist wind simulated by different parameterization schemes had relatively significant differences. Among them, SLABs scheme had the highest reliability of simulation results with the smallest deviation range. The deviation of each variable showed normal distribution state.[Conclusion]The simulation results of relative humidity, dew point temperature difference and surface temperature are consistent with the measured data. So they can be used as criterions and provide basis to improve the fog forecast accuracy in later period.

Key words Regional fog; Numerical simulation; Effect evaluation; Land scheme

随着社会经济的快速发展,雾引起的危害愈发明显,对机场、高速公路、城市道路和港口航道安全的威胁越来越严重,此外,大雾还会加剧近地层的空气污染,影响人类的生命健康。因此,开展雾天气的数值模拟技术研究对于提高雾的预报准确率和大雾产生机制的认识具有重要意义。国外对雾的数值模拟研究开展较早[1],主要经历了一维[2]、二维[3]到三维[4]辐射雾模式,使雾的研究不断深入。国内应用数值模式对雾开展研究始于20世纪80年代中期,也经历了从一维[5-6]、二维[7]到比较完善的三维模式[8]。……

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