谢文申 周恒苍 付晏昆 周宇航

摘要[目的]探讨低成本下薄荷脱毒苗的快繁技术。[方法]以脱毒野薄荷试管苗为外植体，以1/2MS为基本培养基，配制不同培养基，对液体培养与固体培养的薄荷脱毒苗继代、生根及移栽过程进行了比较。[结果]浅层液体培养继代增殖系数、根长、根数、生根率均优于固体培养；来源于浅层液体培养生根的薄荷脱毒苗移栽成活率明显高于来源于固体培养基的脱毒苗；与固体培养基相比，采用浅层液体培养可节约成本57.44%，同时减少大量用工。[结论]以30 g/L食用白糖代替蔗糖、以凉开水代替蒸馏水的浅层液体培养更适合于脱毒薄荷种苗的大量繁殖。

关键词 野薄荷脱毒苗；快繁技术；低成本；浅层液体培养

中图分类号 S503.53 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2016）09-174-03

Abstract[Objective]To explore the rapid propagation technique of virusfree mint in vitro with low cost.[Method]With virusfree mint in vitro as explants，1/2 MS was used as the basic medium to prepare different culture mediums. Comparative test between liquid culture medium and solid culture medium was carried out in subculture， rooting and transplanting of virusfree mint.[Result]The multiplication coefficient， root length， root number， and rooting rate in shallow liquid culture were prior to those in solid culture. Virusfree seedlings from shallow liquid culture gad significantly higher survival rate than those from solid culture. The cost of chemicals of shallow liquid culture system reduced by 57.44%； and a large amount of labor force was saved.[Conclusion]The cost can be decreased markedly with 3% edible sugar instead of sucrose and boiled water instead of distilled water. The shallow liquid culture system is proposed during rapid propagation process of virusfree mint.

Key words Virusfree mint； Rapid propagation； Low cost； Shallow liquid culture

薄荷為唇形科薄荷属多年生草本植物，以全草入药，用于治疗风热感冒、风温初起、头痛、目赤、喉痹、咽喉肿痛、口舌生疮、牙痛、荨麻疹、风疹等[1-2]，是药食两用的经济作物，也是世界三大香料之一，广泛应用于食品、化妆品、香料、医药等领域，具有栽培容易、产量高、经济效益好等特点。在薄荷生产中长期采用无性繁殖，反复重茬，致使薄荷体内积累多种病菌病毒，导致优良性状退化，经济产量降低，对薄荷种植构成严重威胁。如何快速获得大批量的脱毒种苗、降低脱毒种苗的生产成本成为脱毒种苗大量推广的技术关键。

近年来，关于薄荷组培快繁技术研究较多[3-4]，主要集

中在激素配比在薄荷继代、诱导和生根上。……