罗藏才让



★翻译研究★

浅析汉译本《章嘉国师若必多吉传》

罗藏才让

本文根据《章嘉国师若必多吉传》藏文原著及汉译本，简要阐述了清代国师章嘉活佛的一生，他在京任职六十余年，为蒙藏地区的政教事业、民族团结、祖国统一作出了伟大的贡献。同时对汉译本的长处及不足进行了评述，译文虽有一些翻译不尽准确的地方，但总体而言，忠于原文，语句流畅，文辞优雅，可读性强。

章嘉国师；汉译本；优缺点

【Abstract】This thesis, on the basis of the Tibetan original work and the Chinese version of The Biography of Lcang skya Rol pa I rdo rje, sets forth the lifetime of Living Buddha Lcang skya Rol pa I rdo rje, an imperial tutor in the Qing Dynasty. He had made outstanding contributions to the issues of politics-religion cause, the national unity and national reunification in Mongolian-Tibetan regions during his term of office for more than sixty years. There is also commentary on advantages and disadvantages of the Chinese version. Although the translation is unfaithful in some places, the Chinese version is quite readable for it is true to the original on the whole, its sentences are fluent and dictions are elegant.

【Key words】Lcang skya; Chinese version; advantages and disadvantages

一、作者及译者简介

《章嘉国师若必多吉传》的作者为土观·洛桑却吉尼玛，藏文书名为《khyab-bdag-rdo-rje-sems-dpavi-ngo-bo-dpal-ldan-bla-ma-dam-Pa-ye-shes-bstan-pavi-sgron-me-dpal-bzang-povi-rnam-par-thar-ba-mdo-tsam-brjod-pa-dge-ldan-bstan-pavi-mdzes-rgyan-zhes-bya-ba》。作者于藏历第十二饶迥火蛇年(1737)诞生于今甘肃省天祝藏族自治县松林乡，6岁时被认定为青海省佑宁寺*佑宁寺是青海较大的藏传佛教寺院，号称“湟水北岸诸寺之母”。雍正十年(1732)皇帝下诏修复，并赐额“佑宁寺”。乾隆十四年(1749)，乾隆帝再次颁赐御匾。土观呼图克图*“呼图克图”，蒙语，意为“寿者”、“圣者”。清朝以此封号授予蒙藏地区的上层活佛，藉光荣宠。阿旺却吉嘉措活佛的转世灵童，被迎请到佑宁寺坐床，成为第三世土观活佛。童年时代，他入佑宁寺学习佛教因明学，19岁(1755)时前往西藏求学。在拉萨七年，他主要依从甘南拉卜楞寺的二世嘉木样活佛晋美旺布为师学习因明，同时向六世班禅洛桑巴丹益希、章嘉若必多吉等尊者学习密宗典籍。乾隆二十二年(1757)，章嘉国师奉旨入藏处理七世达赖喇嘛转世灵童的指认事宜时，土观·洛桑却吉尼玛与之交往甚密，深得章嘉国师的信赖。……